Impact of glove occlusion on cumulative skin irritation with or without hand cleanser–comparison in an experimental repeated irritation model

Abstract

Irritant contact dermatitis may develop through the tandem effects of long-term glove occlusion and the accumulation of barrier damage from hand washing, even when mild hand cleansers are employed.

Barrier Function and Natural Moisturizing Factor Levels After Cumula­tive Exposure to Short-chain Aliphatic Alcohols and Detergents: Results of Occlusion-modified Tandem Repeated Irritation Test

“…interest in studying the effects of water and occlusion on the skin barrier function and their contribution to skin irritation (19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Although both factors have been considered to enhance irritancy, the findings of the so far published bioengineering studies show controversial results based on different exposure models and limited to the model irritant SLS (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The effects of occlusion, water and combined exposure to multiple workplace relevant irritants, in contrast, have been poorly investigated.…”

“…The effects of occlusion, water and combined exposure to multiple workplace relevant irritants, in contrast, have been poorly investigated. The present study used an exposure protocol based on a previously validated model, the tandem repeated irritation test (TRIT), and aimed towards further development of the model, which, in addition to the effects of repeated single and combined irritant exposure, provides a standardized approach for investigating the role of occlusion in cumulative in vivo human skin irritation (9,10,(30)(31)(32). The results of the study show that the occlusion-modified tandem repeated irritation test design (occlusion-modified TRIT) was sensitive to detecting differences in objective parameters of the skin barrier function between the previously occluded and non-occluded fields, exposed to the same irritants and irritant tandems applied in the same order.…”

Occlusive gloves and skin conditions: is there a problem? Results of a cross-sectional study in a semiconductor company

“…Occlusion of the skin is widely used in the therapy of patients with eczema or for wound dressing to speed up the healing process, although the evidence for the usefulness of occlusion is still under discussion. [24][25][26] On the other hand, prolonged glove occlusion is considered a risk factor similar to wet work for developing hand eczema, 12,[27][28][29] although there is again poor scientific evidence that working with occlusive gloves is as damaging as wet work. 30 In many occupations wet work comprises not only wet hands and frequent hand washing, but also contact to irritating substances and wearing of occlusive gloves, so it is difficult to distinguish the different effects on skin condition.…”

Tandem Repeated Application of Organic Solvents and Sodium Lauryl Sulphate Enhances Cumulative Skin Irritation

“…Using the tandem repeated irritation test [11], several authors investigated the irritant potential of some specific combinations of irritants [12,13,14,15,16] reviewed in Kartono and Maibach [17]. Several years back, an overadditive effect of skin irritation after tandem application of SLS and toluene was demonstrated in contrast to applications of each irritant alone [18].…”