Impact of Georgia’s Teenage and Adult Driver Responsibility Act

Rios, Angelyn; Wald, Marlena M.; Nelson, S. R.; Dark, Kimberly J.; Price, Megan; Kellermann, Arthur L.

doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.01.007

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Data were used from 11 US states (California,24 Florida,25 Georgia,26 Maryland,28 Michigan,29 New York,27 North Carolina,15 Ohio,32 Pennsylvania,30 Texas,31 Wisconsin33) and one Canadian province (Nova Scotia11) (tables 2 and 3). Nine studies11 15 24–29 33 were published in peer-reviewed journals and three30–32 were reports.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of 12 GDL laws first implemented between 1996 and 2003 in our meta-analysis, 3 (25%) restricted both night driving and the number of passengers, compared with 9/37 (24%) of all US GDL laws during the same period 23. The outcome was injury crashes for nine studies,11 15 25 27–30 32 33 and fatal crashes for three 24 26 31…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Except for NC, we adjusted for time as a linear term in all models to account for changes in crash rates over time due to factors other than GDL laws; but the method used depended upon the available data. For five studies (California,24 Florida,25 Georgia,26 Nova Scotia,11 New York27) the adjustment for time was based on changes in the crash rates of older drivers, because we had only data from one time period before the GDL law and one after. For four studies (Maryland,28 Michigan,29 Pennsylvania,30 Texas31) the adjustment for time was based on data for teenage drivers, because data was available for three or more time intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graduated driver licensing and motor vehicle crashes involving teenage drivers: an exploratory age-stratified meta-analysis

et al. 2012

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Objective Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) has been implemented in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, USA and Israel. We conducted an exploratory summary of available data to estimate whether GDL effects varied with age. Methods We searched MEDLINE and other sources from 1991–2011. GDL evaluation studies with crashes resulting in injuries or deaths were eligible. They had to provide age-specific incidence rate ratios with CI or information for calculating these quantities. We included studies from individual states or provinces, but excluded national studies. We examined rates based on person-years, not license-years. Results Of 1397 papers, 144 were screened by abstract and 47 were reviewed. Twelve studies from 11 US states and one Canadian province were selected for meta-analysis for age 16, eight were selected for age 17, and four for age 18. Adjusted rate ratios were pooled using random effects models. The pooled adjusted rate ratios for the association of GDL presence with crash rates was 0.78 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.84) for age 16 years, 0.94 (95% CI 0.93 to 0.96) for 17 and 1.00 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.04) for 18. The difference between these three rate ratios was statistically significant: p<0.001. Conclusions GDL policies were associated with a 22% reduction in crash rates among 16-year-old drivers, but only a 6% reduction for 17-year-old drivers. GDL showed no association with crashes among 18-year-old drivers. Because we had few studies to summarise, particularly for older adolescents, our findings should be considered exploratory.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graduated driver licensing and motor vehicle crashes involving teenage drivers: an exploratory age-stratified meta-analysis

et al. 2012

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“…However, we found little evidence that GDL affected the driving distance or crash rates of teenagers aged 18 years. A meta-analysis of traffic crash data from four states (California,34 Florida,8 Georgia,11 Wisconsin21) reported the pooled rate ratio for 18 year olds per person-year was 1.00 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.04) comparing GDL presence with absence 35. A study of all fatal crashes for 18 year olds in the USA during 1996–2007 reported a rate ratio per person-year of 0.96 for states with a good GDL rating and 1.03 for states with a fair GDL rating, relative to states with a poor GDL rating 22.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

et al. 2014

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Background Graduated driver licensing (GDL) laws are associated with reduced crash rates per person-year among adolescents. It is unknown whether adolescents crash less per miles driven or drive less under GDL policies. Methods We used data from the US National Household Travel Survey and Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 1995–1996, 2001–2002, and 2008–2009. We compared adolescents subject to GDL laws with those not, by estimating adjusted incidence rate ratios for being a driver in a crash with a death per person-year (aIRRpy) and per miles driven (aIRRm), and adjusted miles driven ratios (aMR) controlling for changes in rates over time. Results Comparing persons subject to GDL policies with those not, 16-year-olds had fewer fatal crashes per person-year (aIRRpy 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47, 0.91), drove fewer miles (aMR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63, 0.98), and had lower crash rates per miles driven (aIRRm 0.83, 95% CI 0.65, 1.06). For age 17, the aIRRpy was 0.83 (95% CI 0.60, 1.17), the aMR 0.80 (95% CI 0.63, 1.03), and the aIRRm 1.03 (95% CI 0.80, 1.35). For age 18, the aIRRpy was 0.93 (95% CI 0.72, 1.19), the aMR 0.92 (95% CI 0.77, 1.09), and the aIRRm 1.01 (95% CI 0.84, 1.23). Conclusions If these associations are causal, GDL laws reduced crashes per person-year by about one-third among 16-year-olds; half the reduction was due to fewer crashes per miles driven and half to less driving. For ages 17 and 18, there was no evidence of reduced crash rates per miles driven.

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“…Colleagues and I found that this law had a dramatic and sustained effect on reducing fatal crashes involving 16-and 17-year-old drivers in Georgia. 34 It could be a model for the nation.…”

Section: Shared Traits Between Em and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Georgia’s Teenage and Adult Driver Responsibility Act

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Graduated driver licensing and motor vehicle crashes involving teenage drivers: an exploratory age-stratified meta-analysis

Graduated driver licensing and motor vehicle crashes involving teenage drivers: an exploratory age-stratified meta-analysis

The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

Emergency Medicine and Public Health: Stopping Emergencies Before the 9‐1‐1 Call

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