Impact of Genetic Variability in ACE2 Expression on the Evolutionary Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G Mutation

Huang, Szu-Wei; Miller, Sorin O.; Yen, Chia-Hung; Wang, Sheng-Fan

doi:10.3390/genes12010016

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…All variants share one specific mutation called D614G. The D614G mutation became the predominant globally circulating variant after its appearance in the early COVID-19 pandemic [ 20 ]. The D614G is a non-synonymous mutation resulting in a replacement of aspartic acid with glycine at position 614 of the virus’s spike (S) glycoprotein [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Concern and Interest SARS-CoV-2 Variants

et al. 2021

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since that time, the virus has spread around the world, which resulted in an announcement of the World Health Organization (WHO), dated in March 2020, that COVID-19 was a worldwide pandemic, and since then, the world has been struggling with this disease. SARS-CoV-2, similar to other RNA viruses, continually mutates, and new variants are appearing. Among large numbers of detected SARS-CoV-2 variants, only an insignificant amount of them are able to pose a risk to public health, as they are more contagious and cause more severe conditions. The emerged variants were classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in collaboration with SARS-CoV-2 Interagency Group (SIG) according to strictly defined pattern. Variants were classified as variants of concern, variants of interest, and variants of high consequence. In the last few months, three variants of concern (B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1) and four variants of interests (B.1.526, B.1.525, B.1.427/B.1.429, and P.2) were distinguished and are essential for close monitoring. This analysis summarizes the principal information concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as their infectivity, severity, mutations, and immune susceptibility.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Concern and Interest SARS-CoV-2 Variants

et al. 2021

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“…This mutation emerged in Europe and North America on January 29 and February 28, 2020 respectively. 24 Initially, the D614 and G614 variants reached an equal ratio in Europe and North America at the end of February, then in March, the G614 variant started to circulate predominantly in both continents from March. 24 The sequence 34GAB_S isolated from the sample of the first case of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosed in Gabon on March 12, 2020, had the D614G mutation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020 and molecular characterization of the spike protein, in Gabon

et al. 2022

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Background After the first cases of coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China in January 2020, we conducted an epidemiological surveillance of COVID-19 in Gabon. Methods We led molecular investigations on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples from the 1161 first suspected cases of COVID-19. We diagnosed the first case of COVID-19 on March, 12 2020. Results Among those suspected cases, 83 were confirmed cases. There was no significant difference in prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 between age groups (p=0.14). 73% were asymptomatic. The viral loads were significantly higher in the nasopharyngeal samples than in the oropharyngeal samples (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in viral loads between age groups (p=0.9895) and no correlation between clinical symptoms and viral loads (p=0.06042). A phylogenetic analysis performed with five sequences of the spike S gene showed that two sequences had the D614G mutation. Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides the first molecular data from Gabon concerning the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that most of the infected people were asymptomatic. The viral load was higher in the nasopharyngeal samples. The S gene analyzed suggested both introduction of the D614 and G614 variant in Gabon.

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“…The population with lower ACE2 expression is responsible for the selection of D614G mutation and is associated with an increased transmission efficiency of D614G mutation. The variations in human population genetics are responsible for viral evolution [ 40 ].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse vaccine platforms safeguarding against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Chatterjee

Thakur

2022

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction Appearances of SARS-CoV-2 variants have created havoc and additional challenges for the ongoing vaccination drive against pandemic COVID-19. Interestingly, several vaccine platforms are showing great potential to produce successful vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. Billions of COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered worldwide. Mix-and-Match COVID-19 vaccines involving the mixing of the same platform vaccines and also two different vaccine platforms may provide greater protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. COVID-19 vaccines have become one of the most important tools to mitigate the ongoing pandemic COVID-19. Areas covered We describe SARS-Cov-2 variants, their impact on the population, COVID-19 vaccines, diverse vaccine platforms, doses of vaccines, the efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, mitigation of the COVID-19 transmission- alternatives to vaccines. Expert opinion Diverse vaccine platforms may safeguard against ongoing, deadly SARS-CoV-2 and its infectious variants. The efficacies of COVID-19 vaccines are significantly high after the administration of the second dose. Further, it protects individuals including vulnerable patients with co-morbidities from SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The hospitalizations and deaths of the individuals may be prevented by COVID-19 vaccines.

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Impact of Genetic Variability in ACE2 Expression on the Evolutionary Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Spike D614G Mutation

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

The Emerging Concern and Interest SARS-CoV-2 Variants

The Emerging Concern and Interest SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Epidemiology of first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, from March to April 2020 and molecular characterization of the spike protein, in Gabon

Diverse vaccine platforms safeguarding against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

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