Impact of gender and genetics on emotion processing in Parkinson's disease - A multimodal study

Heller, Jan Erik; Mirzazade, Shahram; Romanzetti, Sandro; Habel, Ute; Derntl, Birgit; Freitag, Nils M.; Schulz, Jörg B.; Dogan, Imis; Reetz, Kathrin

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.01.034

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In our EOPD sample, difficulty recognizing fear and anger was not as common as difficulty identifying positive valence emotions; this finding is not consistent with previous PD studies reporting a specific impairment in ability to recognize negative valence emotions [ 15 , 67 , 68 ]. However, we did observe that almost 70% of patients judged a neutral face as expressing an emotion with a negative valence (sadness, loneliness, or boredom).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Social Cognition in Patients with Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Seubert-Ravelo

Yáñez-Téllez

Lazo-Barriga

et al. 2021

Parkinson's Disease

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Social cognition (SC) deficits have been linked to Parkinson’s disease (PD) but have been less well researched than general cognitive processes, especially in early-onset PD (EOPD), despite this population often having greater social and family demands. Most studies focus on recognition of facial emotion, theory of mind (ToM), and decision-making domains, with limited research reporting on social reasoning. The main objective of this work was to compare SC ability across four domains: emotional processing, social reasoning, ToM, and decision-making between patients with EOPD and healthy controls. Twenty-five nondemented patients with EOPD and 25 controls matched for sex, age, and educational level were enrolled. A battery that included six SC tests was administered to all study participants; a decision-making scale was completed by participants’ partners. Statistically significant differences were found between patients with EOPD and controls in all subtests across the four SC domains studied. The EOPD group demonstrated worse performance on all tasks, with large effect sizes. Differences remained significant after adjusting for Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test scores for all SC subtests except the decision-making scale and the Iowa gambling task. No significant correlations between SC and other clinical PD variables were found. Our study shows that patients with EOPD perform significantly below controls in multiple SC domains affecting recognition of facial emotion, social reasoning, ToM, and decision-making. Only decision-making seems to be mediated by overall cognitive ability. The confounding or contributing effect of other clinical PD variables should be studied further.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Social Cognition in Patients with Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Seubert-Ravelo

Yáñez-Téllez

Lazo-Barriga

et al. 2021

Parkinson's Disease

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“…Nevertheless, men show greater sexual dysfunction and impairment of their sexual relationship than women [35]. Biological sex also differently impact on emotion processing in PD with men showing worse recognition performance of the emotion anger accompanied by reduced neural response [36].…”

Section: Non-motor Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease in Women and Men: What’s the Difference?

Cerri¹,

Mus²,

Blandini³

2019

JPD

449

309

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Increasing evidence points to biological sex as an important factor in the development and phenotypical expression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Risk of developing PD is twice as high in men than women, but women have a higher mortality rate and faster progression of the disease. Moreover, motor and nonmotor symptoms, response to treatments and disease risk factors differ between women and men. Altogether, sex-related differences in PD support the idea that disease development might involve distinct pathogenic mechanisms (or the same mechanism but in a different way) in male and female patients. This review summarizes the most recent knowledge concerning differences between women and men in PD clinical features, risk factors, response to treatments and mechanisms underlying the disease pathophysiology. Unraveling how the pathology differently affect the two sexes might allow the development of tailored interventions and the design of innovative programs that meet the distinct needs of men and women, improving patient care.

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“…Over the past years, considerable data have come to light concerning the susceptibility to the disease development, the age at onset, and the phenotype of the symptoms that support the existence of a sex difference. Indeed, PD affects males and females differently [ 161 , 162 ]. Numerous reports have proposed a lower incidence and more benign phenotype in women, which appear to be mediated by neuroprotective effects of estrogens and genetic factors [ 161-164 ].…”

Section: Androgens and Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Bianchi¹,

Rizzi

Bresciani

et al. 2020

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD), are characterized by the loss of neurons, as well as neuronal function in multiple regions of the central- and peripheral- nervous system. Several studies in animal models have shown that androgens have neuroprotective effects in the brain and stimulate axonal regeneration. The presence of neuronal androgen receptors (AR) in the peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) suggests that androgen therapy might be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. To illustrate, androgen therapy reduced inflammation, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, and cognitive impairment in AD patients. As well, improvements in re-myelination in multiple sclerosis have been reported; by comparison, only variable results are observed in androgen treatment of PD. In ALS, androgen administration stimulated motoneuron recovery from progressive damage and regenerated both axons and dendrites. Only a few clinical studies are available in human subjects despite the safety and low cost of androgen therapy. Clinical evaluations of the effects of androgen therapy of these devastating diseases using large populations of patients are strongly needed.

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Impact of gender and genetics on emotion processing in Parkinson's disease - A multimodal study

Cited by 31 publications

References 74 publications

Social Cognition in Patients with Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Social Cognition in Patients with Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s Disease in Women and Men: What’s the Difference?

Androgen Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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