Impact of Fresh Table Grape Intake on Circulating microRNAs Levels in Healthy Subjects: A Significant Modulation of Gastrointestinal Cancer‐Related Pathways

Abstract

Scope The study aims to investigate the effects of fresh table grape consumption in healthy subjects on circulating levels of the most common human microRNAs (miRNAs). The regulatory network governed by these modulated miRNAs is also investigated. Methods and Results Autumn Royal table grape, used in this study, is chosen for its high polyphenolic content and antioxidant properties. The study is a randomized controlled trial, in which 40 consecutive subjects are recruited on a voluntary basis and randomly assigned to two groups of the study, the control group, receiving only dietary recommendations and a grape group receiving a daily dose of 5 g of fresh table grape per kg of body weight for 21 days. All analyses are performed at baseline and after 21 days of dietary treatment. Circulating miRNAs levels are detected by Real‐Time quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) followed by bioinformatic functional analysis. The study identifies 20 circulating miRNAs differentially expressed in healthy subjects after grape intake, and in particular, 18 of 20 are down‐regulated and 2 are up‐regulated. Conclusion The dietary intake of table grape affects circulating miRNAs levels in healthy subjects, particularly the miRNAs related to pathways involved in counteracting cancer development, including gastrointestinal cancers.

Important Food Sources of Fructose-Containing Sugars and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials

“…We retrieved 4616 reports from databases and manual searches, 4433 of which were excluded based on the title or abstract. Of the 174 reports reviewed in full text, 51 reports of controlled feeding trials (75 trial comparisons, n = 2059) met the eligibility criteria [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. These trials included ten different food sources of fructos...…”

Beneficial Effects of Table Grape Use on Serum Levels of Omega-3 Index and Liver Function: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

“…The Autumn Royal black table grape has been also demonstrated to influence the expression of circulating coding and non-coding RNA sequences, namely microRNAs, involved in the modulation of gastrointestinal cancer-related pathways [ 8 ]. The subjects treated with Autumn Royal black grape showed a significant down-regulation of 18 miRNAs involved in pathways related to cancer.…”

“…Written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects for blood testing and clinical data collection. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and the participants were randomly assigned to two groups of the study (control and grape group), as previously described [ 8 ]. Briefly, the grape group consisting of healthy subjects was invited to daily consumption of 5 g of fresh table grape per kg of body weight for 21 days (T1).…”

“…Briefly, the grape group consisting of healthy subjects was invited to daily consumption of 5 g of fresh table grape per kg of body weight for 21 days (T1). Table grape used in this study was the black seedless grape Autumn Royal, an experimental variety whose characteristics have been previously described [ 8 , 11 ]. All enrolled subjects received dietary recommendations, as limitation of alcohol, caffeine, and polyphenol-rich foods.…”

“…A regular consumption of dietary polyphenols is associated with improvements in lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and with the reduction in the metabolic risk [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. The protective role of dietary polyphenols in health has been widely demonstrated [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], as well as their role in modulating gastrointestinal function and inflammation [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”