Impact of Foliar Application of Amino Acids on Essential Oil Content, Odor Profile, and Flavonoid Content of Different Mint Varieties in Field Conditions

Abstract

Mint is an industrial plant that is a good source of essential oil and many phenolic compounds that have several positive benefits to human health and can be used to prevent the development of many diseases. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of increasing essential oil and flavonoid content, changing the chemical composition of these compounds in different mint cultivars under foliar application with precursors (phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine) at two concentrations, 100 and 200 mg L−1, to enable the possibilities for wider use of these plants when they are grown in field conditions. Spraying with phenylalanine at 100 mg L−1 concentration increased essential oil content in Mentha piperita ‘Granada’ plants by 0.53 percentage units. Foliar application with tyrosine solutions at 100 mg L−1 concentration most effectively influenced the essential oil odor profile Mentha spicata ‘Crispa’. The highest number of total flavonoids was in Mentha piperita ‘Swiss’ sprayed with tyrosine at 100 mg L−1 concentration. The flavonoid content depended on the mint cultivar, amino acids, and their concentration. The results showed that the effect of amino acid solutions on different secondary metabolites’ quantitative and qualitative composition differed depending on the mint cultivar; therefore, amino acids and their concentrations must be selected based on the cultivar they are targeting.

Nondestructive Technique for Identifying Adulteration and Additives in Lemon Juice Based on Analyzing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

“…Since the value performance in the training phase is lower than that in the experimental phase, there is no evidence of under-or overfitting. These results are consistent with the studies obtained by other researchers that have been conducted with the help of the E-nose and ANNs [69][70][71][72][73]. Khorramifar, Rasekh, Karami, Malaga-Toboła, and Gancarz [42] used an ANN and an electronic nose to classify potato varieties with a 97.8% accuracy.…”

Alternations in Physiological and Phytochemical Parameters of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Varieties in Response to Amino Acid Fertilizer and Plasma Activated-Water Treatments

“…Furthermore, it may be due to various responses of German chamomile varieties to certain doses and/or specific ranges of foliar amino acid. Nitrogen affected essential oil production via acetyl-CoA formation and carbon metabolism through the mevalonate pathway [16]. Generally, PAW and amino acid fertilizers may impress the quantity and quality of chamomile oil.…”

“…Plant secondary metabolites and essential oils have increased, resulting from stress metabolisms. Velicka et al [16] have investigated the changes in oil and flavonoid contents of various mint species after foliar application of amino acids in field conditions. They reported that the foliar spray with aromatic amino acids could enhance the essential oil content and total flavonoids and alter the mint essential oil odor profile.…”

“…They reported that the foliar spray with aromatic amino acids could enhance the essential oil content and total flavonoids and alter the mint essential oil odor profile. The effect of amino acids on the oil content was solely discovered in M. piperita 'Granada' plants [16].…”

“…Velȋcka et al investigated the effect of foliar application of amino acids on volatile oil, flavonoid compounds, and secondary metabolite profile of some mint varieties under field conditions in Kaunas, Lithuania. The findings indicated that the efficacy of amino acid treatments differed on the phytochemical compounds in the various mint varieties; thus, amino acid type and dosage should be chosen based on the targeted variety [16].…”