Impact of fertilization with reducing in nitrogen and phosphorous application on growth, yield and biomass accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under a dual cropping system

Abstract

The current farming system in China is heavily reliant on synthetic fertilizers, which adversely affect soil quality and crop production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of different nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer application rate on the growth, yield, and yield components of rice cultivars in the Binyang, Beiliu and Liucheng sites of southern China in the early (March to July) and late season (August to December). The study consisted of three fertilization regimes—CK (N0P0); N180P90 (180 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 ha−1) and N90P45 (90 kg N ha−1 + 45 kg P2O5)—conducted at each of three different experimental sites with four cultivars (Baixang 139, Y Liangyou 1, Guiyu 9, and Teyou 582). Results showed that the leaf area index (LAI) was 38.8% found higher in Guiyu 9 compared with Baxiang at reduced fertilization (N90P45). N90P45 resulted higher dry matter production at the heading (9411.2 kg ha−1) and maturity (15319.5 kg ha−1) stages in Teyou 582 at Beiliu. Fertilization (N180P90) had higher effective panicle number (4,158,800 panicle ha−1) and grains panicle−1 (113.84 grains) compared with other treatments. Teyou 582 treated with N90P45 and Y Liangyou 1 treated with N180P90 improved seed setting rate average by 82.91% and 72.17% compared with other treatments at Beiliu in both seasons, respectively. N0P0 and N90P45 increased the thousand-grain weight (TGW) of Y Liangyou 1 at Binyang (27.07 g) and Liucheng (27.84 g) during the early and late seasons, respectively. In Beiliu, the N90P45 treatment (6611.7 kg ha−1) of Teyou 582 increased grain yield compared with other treatments. Overall, our results suggested that reducing N and P at the ratio of 90:45 kg ha−1 in Teyou 582 and Y Liangyou 1 could increase rice grain yield and yield components.

Manure applications combined with chemical fertilizer improves soil functionality, microbial biomass and rice production in a paddy field

“…Conventional farming increases crop productivity but is heavily reliant on synthetic fertilizers and pesticide input Y. Li et al, 2016;Ullah et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021). Excessive synthetic N fertilization causes significant environmental problems, such as increased greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater contamination, particularly leading to degradation of soil physicochemical and biological properties (Y.…”

“…Currently, overpopulation has led to a greater demand for food; thus, increasing crop production on a sustainable basis is a difficult task in today's farming systems (Bitew & Alemayehy, 2017; Valin et al., 2014). Conventional farming increases crop productivity but is heavily reliant on synthetic fertilizers and pesticide input (Ali, He, et al., 2020; Y. Li et al., 2016; Ullah et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2021). Excessive synthetic N fertilization causes significant environmental problems, such as increased greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater contamination, particularly leading to degradation of soil physicochemical and biological properties (Y. Luo et al., 2020; Sarma et al., 2017; Y. Zhang et al., 2019).…”

Impact of Nitrogen, Zinc and Humic Acid Application on Wheat Growth, Morphological Traits, Yield and Yield Components

“…Increase in N levels significantly delayed days to maturity Ayoub et al (1994). The delayed in days to maturity may be due to enough nutrient accessibility, which finally enhanced the growing time period of cereal crops Ullah et al (2021). Alike results were reported by Zeidan et al (2010) who reported that N fertilizer improves vegetative growth, increased light use efficiency and grain filling period.…”

“…Nitrogen is often the most deficient of all the plant nutrients. Nitrogen is the key element in achieving consistently high yields in cereals (Iqbal et al, 2019;Iqbal et al, 2020, Ali et al, 2020Wu et al, 2021, Ali et al, 2022.…”

Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Application on Rice Biomass Saccharification, Bioethanol Yield and Cell Wall Polymers Features

“…However, a huge quantity of agricultural biomass is burned in the field and buried in soil in southern China, which is not environmentally friendly since it harms soil fauna and degrades soil quality. Moreover, fertilizer management significantly affects rice biomass and its yield [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], and to improve rice yield and biomass, farmers excessively use chemical fertilizer, especially N, which is not eco-friendly [ 8 , 9 ]. To cope with this problem, many studies reported that biochar has the potential to decrease the requirement of N fertilizer without compromising rice yield and biomass [ 3 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”