Impact of Eye and Breast Shielding on Organ Doses During Cervical Spine Radiography: Design and Validation of MIRD Computational Phantom

Abstract

Purpose: The study aimed to design and validate computational phantoms (MIRD) using the MCNPX code to assess the impact of shielding on organ doses.Method: To validate the optimized phantom, the obtained results were compared with experimental results. The validation of the optimized MIRD phantom was provided by using the results of a previous anthropomorphic phantom study. MIRD phantom was designed by considering the parameters used in the anthropomorphic phantom study. A test simulation was performed to compare the dose reduction percentages (%) between the experimental anthropomorphic phantom study and the MCNPX-MIRD phantom. The simulation was performed twice, with and without shielding materials, using the same number and locations of the detector.Results: The absorbed dose amounts were directly extracted from the required organ and tissue cell parts of output files. Dose reduction percentages between the simulation with shielding and simulation without shielding were compared. The highest dose reduction was noted in the thymus (95%) and breasts (88%). The obtained dose reduction percentages between the anthropomorphic phantom study and the MCNPX-MIRD phantom were highly consistent and correlated values with experimental anthropomorphic data. Both methods showed Relative Difference (%) ranges between 0.88 and 2.22. Moreover, the MCNPX-MIRD optimized phantom provides detailed dose analysis for target and non-target organs and can be used to assess the efficiency of shielding in radiological examination.Conclusion: Shielding breasts and eyes during cervical radiography reduced the radiation dose to many organs. The decision to not shield patients should be based on research evidence as this approach does not apply to all cases.

A closer look at the efficiency calibration of LaBr3(Ce) and NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors using MCNPX for various types of nuclear investigations

“…Monte Carlo simulations have been used efficiently in radiation protection [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], materials research [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], detector design [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], and medical applications [ 24 ]. In this work, two different 2 × 2 inch NaI(Tl) and LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detectors were modeled in terms of their full energy peak efficiency measurements and comparisons.…”

Lead-Free Ternary Glass for Radiation Protection: Composition and Performance Evaluation for Solar Cell Coverage

“…In most cases, the presence of heavy metal oxide in glass results in a denser product. There are six distinct densities of glasses that may be made by adjusting the quantity of Bi 2 O 3 used: 2.212, 2.609, 3.007, 3.404, 3.802, and 4.199 g/cm 3 . As the percentage of Bi 2 O 3 in the glass rises, so does the density of the finished product.…”

“…Nonetheless, it remains highly significant. Glass is an example of a material that is transparent [2][3][4].…”

Toward the strengthening of radioprotection during mammography examinations through transparent glass screens: A benchmarking between experimental and Monte Carlo simulation studies

“…Numerous international organizations and decision-making authorities, such as the ICRP, have already recommended specific action plans to mitigate these hazards (14,15). The use of shielding materials and the removal or at least mitigation of unnecessary dose exposure are among the activities that may be performed (16,17). It is widely known that several organs and tissues in the proximity of this region are also impacted by the dose emitted during breast cancer screening through mammography devices (18,19).…”