Impact of Experimentally Induced Positive and Anxious Mood on Alcohol Expectancy Strength in Internally Motivated Drinkers

Grant, Valerie V.; Stewart, Sherry H.

doi:10.1080/16506070701223289

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1 1 We acknowledge that some studies have reported mood influences on explicitly measured PAEs (e.g., Birch et al., 2004; Grant and Stewart, 2007). However, these studies tend to measure explicit PAEs with instruments keyed to be more sensitive to dynamic changes in PAEs (e.g., “right now, alcohol would…”).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood and Implicit Alcohol Expectancy Processes: Predicting Alcohol Consumption in the Laboratory

Wardell

Read

Curtin

et al. 2011

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Implicit positive alcohol expectancy (PAEs) processes are thought to respond phasically to external and internal stimuli – including mood states – and so they may exert powerful proximal influences over drinking behavior. Although social learning theory contends that mood states activate mood-congruent implicit PAEs, which in turn lead to alcohol use, there is a dearth of experimental research examining this mediation model relative to observable drinking. Moreover, an expectancy theory perspective might suggest that, rather than influencing PAEs directly, mood may moderate the association between PAEs and drinking. To test these models, the present study examined the role of mood in the association between implicitly measured PAE processes (i.e., latency to endorse PAEs) and immediate alcohol consumption in the laboratory. Gender differences in these processes also were examined. Method College students (N=146) were exposed to either a positive, negative, or neutral mood induction procedure, completed a computerized PAE reaction time (RT) task, and subsequently consumed alcohol ad libitum. Results The mood manipulation had no direct effects on drinking in the lab, making the mediation hypothesis irrelevant. Instead, gender and mood condition moderated the association between RT to endorse PAEs and drinking in the lab. For males, RT to tension reduction PAEs was a stronger predictor of volume of beer consumed and peak BAC in the context of general arousal (i.e., positive and negative mood) relative to neutral mood. RT to PAEs did not predict drinking in the lab for females. Conclusions The results show that PAE processes are important determinants of immediate drinking behavior in men, suggesting that biased attention to mood-relevant PAEs – as indicated by longer RTs – predicts greater alcohol consumption in the appropriate mood context. The findings also highlight the need to consider gender differences in PAE processes. This study underscores the need for interventions that target automatic cognitive processes related to alcohol use.

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confidence: 99%

Mood and Implicit Alcohol Expectancy Processes: Predicting Alcohol Consumption in the Laboratory

Wardell

Read

Curtin

et al. 2011

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…One large study of 85,301 schoolchildren (Meier, Slutske, Arndt, and Cadoret, 2007) found that positive alcohol expectancies mediated 45% of the association between delinquency and the initiation of drinking, and to a lesser degree binge drinking. Expectancy per se is not all explanatory, as recent work has demonstrated an interaction between expectancy, individual traits (Borders, Barnwell, and Earleywine, 2007), dispositional aggressivity (Giancola, 2006), mood (Grant and Stewart, 2007), context (Read and Curtin, 2007), and gender (Fossos, Neighbors, Kaysen, and Hove, 2007).…”

Section: Expectanciesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Drugs and Aggression Readily Mix; So What Now?

Pihl

Sutton

2009

Substance Use & Misuse

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Intoxicated aggression is both a dangerous and a costly problem for society, with alcohol being involved in over 50% of violent crimes, and the cost of alcohol-consumption-related crime being estimated at $205 billion in the United States alone. First, the authors reviewed the substantial evidence for the connection between alcohol consumption and aggression, and then they examined the risk factors for this problem. These included societal/cultural factors, such as availability and alcohol expectancies, and individual factors, such as demographic characteristics, personality, comorbid disorders, individual differences in response to alcohol, and cognitive functioning. Finally, interventions were suggested focusing on policy, alcohol sellers, treatments for alcohol abuse and dependency, anger management, pharmacology, and low executive functioning. Further efforts are still needed to target interventions to specific risk factors.

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“…Craving and depressed mood interact to predict relapse (Cooney et al., ; Miller et al., ). While common maladaptive cognitive processes underlie both stress and depression, including increased attention to threat and punishment cues, their role in relapse is hypothesized to be distinct (Cassin and Rector, ; Fergusson et al., ; Grant and Stewart, ; Gullo and Stieger, ). Animal and human studies demonstrate stress can acutely trigger craving directly through sensitization of reward pathways (Koob and Le Moal, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%