Impact of exclusive enteral nutrition on body composition and circulating micronutrients in plasma and erythrocytes of children with active Crohnʼs disease

Abstract

Lean but not fat mass improved at the end of EEN. Median concentrations for several plasma micronutrients improved on EEN but carotenoids were depleted. These findings may have implications for clinical practice and producers of enteral feeds. As plasma concentrations for many micronutrients can be affected by the acute phase response, measurements in erythrocytes may be a better marker of actual body stores.

Impact of Disease Activity on Resting Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Adult Crohn's Disease

“…Although it is believed that adults with CD have higher REE than the general population, 21 a recent study by Filippi et al 22 showed that adults with CD in remission had similar REE/FFM to healthy controls. Second, remission was induced by various therapeutic approaches, such as EN, 23 prednisolone, IFX, 18 or surgery, 10 which might have a different impact on REE and body composition. However, the strength of the current study was that it was the first to examine dynamically the change of metabolism and body composition in different disease states of adult CD.…”

Review article: the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease—avenues for microbial management

“…The lack of before/after mucosal microbiota studies impacts our understanding of the fundamental biological mechanism of action of exclusive enteral nutrition, with most work to date relying on serial faecal samples instead. Exclusive enteral nutrition also helps with nutritional rehabilitation and lean body mass, hence is an obvious choice in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease practice where weight loss is a common feature at presentation . Use of exclusive enteral nutrition within adult practice remains limited and probably relates to the cumbersome social aspects of a liquid‐only diet.…”

Time to Relapse in Children with Crohn’s Disease Treated with Azathioprine and Nutritional Therapy or Corticosteroids

“…We retrospectively collected clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data from the electronic database and clinical records at the time of diagnosis, at the time of remission (week [6][7][8][9][10][11][12], and at the time of relapse, or at the end of observation when the patient was still in remission. National references have been used for Z score calculations [27].…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated short-term EEN efficacy with better side effect profile [6] improved growth velocity, weight gain, lean body mass, and bone health [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. On the basis of such evidence demonstrating efficacy and other beneficial effects, EEN is considered a first-line induction therapy in pediatric CD [14].…”