Impact of Enzymes and Toxins Potentiality of Four Aspergillus Species to Cause Aspergillosis

Zohri, Abdel-Nasser; Aboul-Nasr, M. B.; Adam, Mohamed; Mustafa, M. A.; Amer, Enas Mahmoud

doi:10.4172/0974-8369.1000409

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…AFB1 producing strain of Aspergillus flavus proved as highly producer in previous study (Zohri et al, 2017), kindly provided from Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University. This strain was maintained on Czapek's dextrose agar medium aerobically and stored at 4 o C until use.…”

Section: Afb1 Producing Strainmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mycotoxicity and embryonic development: I- Aflatoxin B1 reduces quality and birth rate during mice embryonic development

Ali

Khalil

Hassan

et al. 2023

SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Mycotoxins are fungal products often found in food, formed during growth, harvesting, drying or storage of fruits, seeds, or grains, leading to a variety of toxic effects in humans and animals. Aflatoxins are a family of polyketide secondary metabolite produced by the food-contaminating moulds Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and growth inhibitory mycotoxin. To explore the negative morphological effects of AFB1 on the developing mice embryo, 50 adult females albino mice (CD1) were divided into five groups (10 females for each group): Control, positive control and three groups treated with a daily oral dose of 5, 10 or 20 μg/kg bw of AFB1 extract. Fifteen days after treatments, females were caged with males. Pregnancy, mortality, embryos number rates and body weight of female mice and infants were recorded. At 21 days old, crown rump, head, ear, tail, fore and hind-limb lengths of mice infants were investigated. Current data showed a decrease in pregnancy and embryo number rate among females in the animals treated with 10 & 20 μg AFB1, while treatment with 5 μg showed an increase in pregnancy and embryo number rate compared to control one, while mortality rate among fetuses increased in the three experimental animals treated with AFB1. Some cases of abortion were observed in 10 & 20 μg groups, while ulcers were observed in 20 μg groups. Weight and all morphometric parameters showed significant decrease except tail length that showed insignificant increase in the treated groups compared to the control one, while ear length showed significant increase. Different congenital malformations were observed in infants such as tail loss, delayed hair and teeth development and poor ossification in treated groups. The present study demonstrated that AFB1 induced developmental anomalies and reduced quality and birth rate. Data clarified that minimum concentration of AFB1 required to induce teratogenicity is far beyond the minimum concentrations estimated in earlier literatures. It is suggested that AFB1 might change genetic elements and consequently interfere with bone mineralization and induce teratogenicity and anomalies during mice embryonic development. Further studies are required to explore the mechanism of action.

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Section: Afb1 Producing Strainmentioning

confidence: 94%

Mycotoxicity and embryonic development: I- Aflatoxin B1 reduces quality and birth rate during mice embryonic development

Ali

Khalil

Hassan

et al. 2023

SVU-International Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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“… A. fumigatus is a leading cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients. Over 95% of the clinical isolates are urease-positive ( 44 , 45 ). However, the biochemical properties and the role of urease in the virulence of A. fumigatus remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urease of Aspergillus fumigatus Is Required for Survival in Macrophages and Virulence

Xiong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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In Vitro Production of Virulence Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Aspergillus Isolates from Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Center

et al. 2022

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Objectives This study was aimed to investigate the association between virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility pattern among Aspergillus species. Materials and Methods This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, from May 2018 to June 2019. A total of 52 Aspergillus isolates obtained from various clinical samples were speciated based on microscopic identification by lacto phenol cotton blue (LPCB) mount and slide culture technique. The production of virulence factors such as biofilm, lipase, phospholipase, amylase, and hemolysin were detected using standard phenotypic methods with Aspergillus niger ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 6275 as the control strain. Antifungal susceptibility patterns of all Aspergillus isolates to amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole were evaluated in line with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 guidelines. Results The percentage of resistance was the highest in itraconazole (48.08%), followed by amphotericin B (28.85%) and voriconazole (9.62%). All amphotericin B-resistant isolates produced biofilm, itraconazole-resistant isolates exhibited phospholipase activity, and voriconazole-resistant isolates produced biofilm and demonstrated phospholipase and hemolytic activities. Regardless of the virulence factors produced, all isolates were susceptible to posaconazole. Conclusion Understanding the relationship between virulence factors and antifungal resistance aids in the development of new therapeutic approaches involving virulence mechanisms as potential targets for effective antifungal drug development.

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Impact of Enzymes and Toxins Potentiality of Four Aspergillus Species to Cause Aspergillosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Mycotoxicity and embryonic development: I- Aflatoxin B1 reduces quality and birth rate during mice embryonic development

Mycotoxicity and embryonic development: I- Aflatoxin B1 reduces quality and birth rate during mice embryonic development

Urease of Aspergillus fumigatus Is Required for Survival in Macrophages and Virulence

In Vitro Production of Virulence Factors and Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern of Aspergillus Isolates from Clinical Samples in a Tertiary Care Center

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