Impact of electronic cigarette aerosols on pregnancy and early development

Orzabal, Marcus; Ramadoss, Jayanth

doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2019.05.001

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is only a small set of studies examining the short-term effects of e-cig vaping in adult humans. The limited number of animal studies conducted on the effects of e-cig aerosol exposure during pregnancy have established that e-cigs can negatively affect fetal growth, the cardiopulmonary system, and nervous system development [ [4] , [5] , [6] ]. The large knowledge gap on the effects of e-cig vaping necessitates a systematic investigation into how these devices impact pregnancy and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Orzabal¹,

Naik²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Metabolism Open

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Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are a form of tobacco product that has become increasingly popular over the past decade. Despite the known health consequences of tobacco product exposure during pregnancy, a substantial number of daily smokers will continue to smoke during pregnancy. Our current knowledge on the effects of e-cig aerosol exposure during pregnancy is limited to a small number of animal studies, which have identified several e-cig aerosol-induced disruptions to the physiology of normal development. Methods To further assess the impact of prenatal e-cig aerosol exposure on maternal and fetal health, we examined the amino acid signature profiles in maternal and fetal plasma, as well as in the fetal lungs, a sensitive target organ for prenatal tobacco product exposure. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups and were exposed to either e-cig aerosols containing nicotine, e-cig aerosols without nicotine, or room air. Dams were exposed utilizing a state-of-the-art custom engineered e-cig vaping system that is compatible with commercially available e-cig atomizers and enables a translational inhalation delivery method comparable to human vaping. Results We determined that gestational exposure to e-cig aerosols results in significant alterations to the amino acid profile in the maternal and fetal compartments, including the fetal lungs. The data shows a targeted disruption to the nitric oxide pathway, branched-chain amino acid metabolism, fetal protein synthesis, and urea cycle. Conclusion The data presented herein provides additional support that gestational e-cig aerosol exposure can impact crucial biological processes and exemplifies the need for extensive research on exposure to e-cig aerosols.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Orzabal¹,

Naik²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Metabolism Open

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“…Additionally, the cinnamon and menthol flavors, with and without nicotine, had especially strong cytotoxic effects on the endothelial cells as compared to the other four flavors, demonstrating the variable potency of the different chemicals among flavors. Finally, regarding the impact of e-cig flavoring on pregnancy and early development through aerosols, it should be noted that aside from impaired lung growth, altered alveolar size, and altered inflammatory environment, as found in this study, a specific effect of the flavoring is altered global DNA methylation (Orzabal & Ramadoss, 2019).…”

Section: Combined Perinatal Exposure To Nicotine and E-cig Flavoringmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Additionally, an explant model study indicates the presence of lung branching morphogenesis and dysanaptic lung growth, which resulted in curved, disproportionate airways in offspring (Wongtrakool et al, 2007). Increases in collagen and alveolar volume along with decreased lung size and volume were observed in a monkey model (Orzabal & Ramadoss, 2019). Overall, these studies demonstrate the several anatomical lung alterations that engender the airway asthmatic phenotype, which evidently places offspring at a greater risk for future respiratory complications.…”

Section: Airway Asthmatic Phenotypementioning

confidence: 78%

Maternal electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) and offspring asthma

Kraus¹,

Havaldar

Chiu

et al. 2021

J Stud Res

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Given that the rise of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has become increasingly relevant to the younger generations of today’s society, this paper investigates the impact of e-cig components, specifically nicotine and various e-cig flavoring chemicals, to fetal exposure during pregnancy on offspring respiratory outcomes. Previous animal studies primarily document the fetal side effects attributed to nicotine, including impaired lung development, with a model of direct chemical exposure, but we have hypothesized that in e-cig users, such phenotypes could result from and be exacerbated by the additional amalgam of chemicals that are responsible for the flavoring of e-cigs. Therefore, we have examined the harmful effects of nicotine and flavoring chemicals used in e-cigs in defense of the hypothesis that perinatal inhaled nicotine and e-cig flavoring exposure in vivo results in an airway asthmatic phenotype in offspring, which is transmitted transgenerationally, is characterized by Th2 polarization, and is more severe with combined exposure than with either constituent alone. The findings of this review support the hypothesis of this paper in regard to the potential detrimental respiratory effects of combined constituent exposure and indicate the need for the testing of further experimental animal models to better understand the foreseeable health implications of a rising e-cig use.

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“…However, it was observed that electronic cigarette usage is increasing rapidly in pregnant women, as well as in women of reproductive age, as it is thought to be healthier than smoking and useful as an aid for reducing and stopping smoking. At this time, the effects of e-cigarettes on human development are completely unknown [ 61 ]. There is, thus, a suggestion to promote awareness among the public and healthcare providers of the risk and benefits of using e-cigarettes during pregnancy [ 62 ].…”

Section: Female Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of E-Cigarette Vapor Components on the Morphology and Function of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems: A Systematic Review

Szumilas

Grzywacz

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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: E-cigarettes, a comparatively new phenomenon, are regarded as a safer alternative to conventional cigarettes. They are increasingly popular among adolescents of both sexes, and many smokers use e-cigarettes in their attempts to quit smoking. There is little understanding of the effects of exposure to e-cigarette vapors on human reproductive health, human development, or the functioning of the organs of the male and female reproductive systems. Data on the effects of the exposure were derived mainly from animal studies, and they show that e-cigarettes can affect fertility. Here, we review recent studies on the effects of exposure to e-cigarettes on facets of morphology and function in the male and female reproductive organs. E-cigarettes, even those which are nicotine-free, contain many harmful substances, including endocrine disruptors, which disturb hormonal balance and morphology and the function of the reproductive organs. E-cigarettes cannot be considered a completely healthy alternative to smoking. As is true for smoking, deleterious effects on the human reproductive system from vaping are likely, from the limited evidence to date.

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Impact of electronic cigarette aerosols on pregnancy and early development

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Maternal electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) and offspring asthma

The Effects of E-Cigarette Vapor Components on the Morphology and Function of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems: A Systematic Review

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