Impact of early human milk on sepsis and health-care costs in very low birth weight infants

Patel, Aloka L.; Johnson, Tricia J.; Engstrom, Janet L.; Fogg, Louis; Jegier, Briana J.; Bigger, Harold R.; Meier, Paula P.

doi:10.1038/jp.2013.2

Cited by 253 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

199

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Details of inclusion and exclusion criteria have been previously described. 2,4,10,11 In cases of multiple births, one infant was randomly selected for study inclusion. In addition, initiation of lactation was not a criterion for study enrollment for either infant or the mother.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4] Mothers of VLBW infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) face unique barriers to exclusive breastfeeding when compared to mothers of term infants, especially the inability of the infant to feed directly at the breast and long-term breast pump dependency 5,6 Beyond the barriers affecting all mothers of VLBW infants, most studies report a significant racial disparity with fewer black mothers of VLBW infants initiating and/or continuing HM feeding at NICU discharge compared to non-black mothers (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very Low–Birthweight Infants: Evaluation of Neighborhood Structural Factors

Riley

Schoeny

Rogers

et al. 2016

Breastfeeding Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Although 98% of mothers in our cohort initiated human milk (HM) provision for their very lowbirthweight (VLBW) infants, fewer black infants received HM at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge than non-black infants. This study examined neighborhood structural factors associated with HM feeding at discharge to identify potential barriers. Materials and Methods: Sociodemographic and HM data were prospectively collected for 410 VLBW infants and mothers. Geocoded addresses were linked to neighborhood structural factors. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted for the entire cohort and racial/ethnic subgroups. Results: HM feeding at discharge was positively correlated with further distance from Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) office, less violent crime, less poverty, greater maternal education, older maternal age, greater infant gestational age, and shorter NICU hospitalization. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only maternal race/ethnicity, WIC eligibility, and length of NICU hospitalization predicted HM feeding at discharge for the entire cohort. The interaction between access to a car and race/ethnicity significantly differed between black and white/Asian mothers, although the predicted probability of HM feeding at discharge was not significantly affected by access to a car for any racial/ethnic subgroup. Conclusions: Neighborhood structural factors did not significantly impact HM feeding at discharge. However, lack of access to a car may be a factor for black mothers, potentially representing restricted HM delivery to the NICU or limited social support, and warrants further study.

show abstract

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very Low–Birthweight Infants: Evaluation of Neighborhood Structural Factors

Riley

Schoeny

Rogers

et al. 2016

Breastfeeding Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2,3 Since HM reduces the risk of prematurity-associated complications, including infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, rehospitalizations, and neurodevelopmental delay in a doseresponse manner, 2,[4][5][6][7] this racial disparity increases the risk of potentially preventable complications for black VLBW infants. This racial disparity also reduces black mothers' dose-related benefits of lactation, such as reduced risks of breast and ovarian cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and myocardial infarction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of social factors and lactation in mothers of term and preterm infants suggest differences in prevalence of these factors among different racial/ethnic groups, including the following: (1) previous experience with HM feeding in mothers of preterm infants, 14,15 (2) previous experience with formula feeding in mothers of term infants, 16 (3) return to work/school in mothers of preterm infants, 15,17 (4) the role of social support of breastfeeding and pumping in mothers of preterm infants, 17,18 (5) HM provision goal in mothers of term and preterm infants, 14,19 (6) maternal education in mothers of preterm infants, 15,18 and (7) public perception and attitudes on breastfeeding. 20 Our objective was to determine whether specific social factors contributed to the disparity in rates of VLBW infants receiving HM at the time of NICU discharge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Maternal Goal Setting as a Key Social Factor

Fleurant

Schoeny

Hoban

et al. 2017

Breastfeeding Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: While black mothers initiate human milk (HM) provision at lower rates than non-black mothers in the United States, some neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) report similar initiation rates regardless of race/ ethnicity for mothers of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. However, racial disparity frequently becomes evident in the proportion of black infants who continue to receive HM feedings at NICU discharge. Since social factors have been associated with differences in HM provision for term infants, we sought to identify differences in social factors associated with HM feeding at discharge based on race/ethnicity. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of racially diverse mothers of VLBW infants measured social factors including maternal education, breastfeeding support, return to work/school, HM feeding goal, previous breastfeeding, or formula experience. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was applied to social factors to predict HM feeding at discharge. Additional regression models were created for racial/ethnic subgroups to identify differences. Results: For all 362 mothers, WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) eligibility and maternal goal near time of discharge of providing any HM negatively and positively predicted HM feeding at discharge, respectively. Perceived breastfeeding support from the infant's maternal grandmother negatively predicted HM feeding at discharge for black mothers. Conclusions: Future interventions to increase duration of HM provision in VLBW infants should focus on the establishment and maintenance of maternal HM feeding goals. Further studies of the familial support system of black mothers are warranted to determine multigenerational impact and potential interventions.

show abstract

“…The many benefits of human milk versus formula include nutritional, immunologic, developmental, psychological, social, and economic. Feeding human milk to very-low-birth-weight infants has been associated with reductions in morbidity and mortality specifically related to prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Long-term benefits for VLBW infants from human milk include improved cognitive performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor Human Milk: No Longer A Place For Formula in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?

Adamkin

Radmacher

2014

Curr Pediatr Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human milk is the best food for human infants, including those born preterm. Human milk feeding benefits the preterm infant by improving mental and motor development, decreasing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and retinopathy of prematurity during the postnatal period spent in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. In order to support the increased nutrient requirements of these infants, human milk must be fortified. In the absence of a mother's own milk, donor human milk is becoming a more commonly used replacement for bovine-based formula, especially in the tiniest patients. While donor human milk has been shown to convey many of the benefits of mother's own milk, it is generally lower in protein and calories than preterm milk and may require fortification in different proportions. This report discusses the evidence for donor human milk in the nutritional support of the preterm infant.

show abstract

Impact of early human milk on sepsis and health-care costs in very low birth weight infants

Cited by 253 publications

References 31 publications

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very Low–Birthweight Infants: Evaluation of Neighborhood Structural Factors

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very Low–Birthweight Infants: Evaluation of Neighborhood Structural Factors

Barriers to Human Milk Feeding at Discharge of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants: Maternal Goal Setting as a Key Social Factor

Donor Human Milk: No Longer A Place For Formula in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About