Impact of DSM-5 PTSD and gender on impaired eating behaviors in 512 Italian earthquake survivors

Carmassi, Claudia; Bertelloni, Carlo Antonio; Massimetti, Gabriele; Miniati, Mario; Stratta, Paolo; Rossi, Alessandro; Dell’Osso, Liliana

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.10.008

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…PTSD is characterized by a chronic stress reaction related to a traumatic event, including adverse childhood or adult experiences. Some research suggests that overeating serves to regulate emotions following a traumatic event [23]. In cases of PTSD related to physical or sexual abuse, excess weight may also be perceived as a protective factor for reducing vulnerability to subsequent abuse [24].…”

Section: Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

Tronieri

Wurst

Pearl

et al. 2017

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Research on sex differences in the relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders is more abundant in some areas, such as depression and eating disorders, than others, such as anxiety, trauma, and substance use. However, for most of the disorders, their relationships with obesity and sex are complex and are usually moderated by additional variables. Thus, studies that find stronger relationships for women between depression and obesity cross-sectionally do not tell the whole story, as longitudinal studies suggest that this relationship may also be present among men, particularly when confounders are considered. For those with eating disorders, men and women with obesity are fairly equally affected, and weight and shape concerns may play a role in maintaining these behaviors for both sexes. Weight stigma, though, seems to have worse consequences for women than men with obesity. Sex differences exist in relation to the associations between mental health and obesity. However, these differences vary by disorder, with disorder-specific moderators playing a role, such as age for depressive disorders, comorbid depression for anxiety disorders, and weight and shape concerns for eating disorders. More work is needed to understand if sex differences play a role in the relationship between obesity and anxiety, trauma, and substance use disorders.

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Section: Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

Tronieri

Wurst

Pearl

et al. 2017

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…Fourth, it might be that a cumulative long-term effect of poor health behaviors places people with PTSD at the greatest risk for cardiometabolic disorders, more so than the psychiatric diagnosis per se. People with PTSD are more likely than the general population to have unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, such as being sedentary [51], smoking [52], alcohol and substance abuse [53], and having diets that are high in saturated fats and refined sugars [54], while low in fruit [55], placing them at higher risk for MetS and CVD than the general population. Future research should comprehensively assess MetS risk factors and evaluate lifestyle interventions.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among people with posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rosenbaum¹,

Stubbs²,

Ward³

et al. 2015

Metabolism

188

105

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The prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among people with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Metabolism (2015Metabolism ( ), doi: 10.1016Metabolism ( /j.metabol.2015 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T Random effects meta-analysis with a relative risk, subgroups and meta-regression analyses were employed.Results: Overall, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria including 9,254 individuals in midlife with PTSD and 6,852 general population controls. Conclusions: MetS is highly prevalent in people with PTSD. Routine screening and multidisciplinary management of medical and behavioral conditions is needed. Future A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTresearch should focus on how cardio-metabolic outcomes are moderated by clinical and treatment characteristics and genetic factors.

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“…These include two studies on PTSD and emotional eating (24; 25) (one showing a positive finding, the other null), two studies showing PTSD symptoms to be associated with food addiction (26; 27), and four studies finding greater intake of unhealthy foods and/or lower intake of healthy foods among those with PTSD (28–30). One study of earthquake survivors found that meeting PTSD diagnostic criteria was associated with increased craving for sweets or carbohydrates, as well as both increases and decreases in appetite (31). Other common overeating behavior phenotypes have not been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Problematic Overeating Behaviors in Young Men and Women

et al. 2017

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Background PTSD is a risk factor for obesity, but the range of behaviors that contribute to this association are not known. Purpose To examine associations between self-reported PTSD symptoms in 2007, with and without comorbid depression symptoms, and three problematic overeating behaviors in 2010; to estimate the associations of PTSD-related overeating behaviors with obesity. Methods Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses included 7438 male (n=2478) and female (n=4960) participants from the Growing Up Today Study (mean age 22–29 years in 2010). Three eating behavior outcomes were assessed: Binge eating (eating a large amount of food in a short period of time with loss of control), top quartile of coping-motivated eating (from the Motivations to Eat scale), and top quartile of disinhibited eating (from the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire). Results PTSD symptoms were associated with 2- to 3-fold increases in binge eating and top-quartile coping-motivated eating; having ≥ 4 PTSD symptoms, relative to no PTSD symptoms, was associated with covariate-adjusted RRs of 2.7 (95% CI: 2.1, 3.4) for binge eating, 2.1 (95% CI: 1.9, 2.4) for the top quartile of coping-motivated eating, and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3, 1.7) for the top quartile of disinhibited eating. There was a trend toward PTSD symptoms in 2007 predicting new onset binge eating in 2010. Having depression symptoms comorbid with PTSD symptoms further increased risk of binge eating and coping-motivated eating. All eating behaviors were associated with obesity. Conclusion Clinicians treating patients with PTSD should know of potential comorbid problematic eating behaviors that may contribute to obesity.

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Impact of DSM-5 PTSD and gender on impaired eating behaviors in 512 Italian earthquake survivors

Cited by 49 publications

References 59 publications

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

The prevalence and risk of metabolic syndrome and its components among people with posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Problematic Overeating Behaviors in Young Men and Women

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