Impact of disturbed areas on Theraphosidae spiders diversity (Araneae) and first population data of Grammostola rosea (Walckenaer) in Panul Park

Abstract

Soil fauna constitutes one of the most abundant and richest environments on earth (Coleman et al. 2004, Fundamentals of solil ecology, 2nd ed. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK). Different degrees of soil disturbance can affect arthropod diversity, which allows a correlation of biodiversity to quality of habitat. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of habitat on Theraphosidae spiders, with special focus on Grammostola rosea. Slight differences in the diversity of Theraphosidae between the disturbed area of Cerro Huechuraba and the undisturbed Panul Park were found. However, a high dominance of G. rosea was observed in both study areas. G. rosea density 1,350 ind/ha in Panul Park, and 750 ind/ha in Cerro Huechuraba. UPGMA cluster analysis did not show significant differences between established environments. A standard methodology to develop inventories of Theraphosidae was proposed. The distribution of G. rosea and its natural history were reported.

Lizard predation by spiders: A review from the Neotropical and Andean regions

“…The reported Liolaemus predators are vertebrates (i.e., snakes, lizards, raptors, and mammals; Jaksić et al., 1982; Jara & Pincheira‐Donoso, 2013; Reyes‐Olivares et al., 2017), and therefore, our reports are the first identifying invertebrates as Liolaemus predators. Moreover, G. rosea (Aguilera et al., 2019) and Euathlus spiders (Canals et al, 2012) are identified as consumers of terrestrial insects, and thus, our observations expand to vertebrates the range of prey consumed by these spiders.…”

“…We found the corpse of an adult of L. tenuis out of a burrow dwelt presumably by a tarantula G. rosea (Walckenaer 1837) (Figure 5ci). This assumption is based on the fact that in this area this is the only tarantula species that builds burrows with a circular shape on the ground and having an extension of web threads (Aguilera et al., 2019), as observed in Figure 5ci. The lizard was partially digested, and its tail was autotomized (Figure 5cii).…”

Could an event of extreme drought (2019-2020) affect the feeding ecology of Bubo magellanicus (Gmelin 1788) (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in a Mediterranean region of Chile?

“…According to Schlatter et al (1982) these differences in size are explained in part by the greater proportion of small mammals in the diet and the greater consumption of adult individuals, which agrees with what was recorded by Nabte, Saba & Pardiñas (2006) . However, the low proportion of vertebrates consumption determined in this study is possibly related to the intake of adults of the mygalomorph spider G. rosea , which has greater availability in the field with nocturnal nomadic behaviours ( Grossi et al, 2016 ; Aguilera, Montenegro & Casanueva, 2019 ).…”

“…Diet composition of B. magellanicus also showed seasonal variation probably influenced by the presence and diversity of prey in the environment ( Nabte, Saba & Pardiñas, 2006 ; Muñoz Pedreros et al., 2017 ; Comay & Dayan, 2018 ). An example of this, is the number of prey units (PU) and biomass quantified in spring (308 PU; 4,293 g) and summer (367 PU; 5,174 g), which would respond to a greater supply of male representatives of G. rosea during their period of reproduction ( Aguilera, Montenegro & Casanueva, 2019 ) or juveniles during terrestrial dispersal events that occur between December and March ( Montenegro-Vargas, Montenegro-Heidke & Aguilera, 2022 ). The high richness of this taxon in the diet of B. magellanicus was due to the exhaustive taxonomic identification of invertebrates, which revealed a high participation in its composition and biomass in comparison to other studies of diet of this owl in Chile ( Yáñez, Rau & Jaksic, 1978 ; Jaksic & Yáñez, 1980 ; Jaksic, Yáñez & Rau, 1986 ; Tala, González & Bonacic, 1995 ; Mella et al, 2016 ; Muñoz Pedreros et al., 2017 ; Martínez, 2018 ; Vega, Jara & Mella, 2018 ; Zuñiga et al, 2022 ).…”

Una nueva especie de araña trampilla del género Goloboffia Griswold y Ledford, 2001 (Araneae: Migidae) para la Región de Coquimbo, Chile

“…Finalmente, es importante destacar que las especies de Goloboffia con sus características de vagilidad limitada, construcción de madrigueras bajo tierra, alto grado de fidelidad de hábitat, exigencias ambientales particulares, poblaciones pequeñas, entre otros factores (Aguilera 2015;Ferretti et al 2019;Grismado y Goloboff 2014), son especies vulnerables a los cambios ambientales y/o de hábitat, y por consiguiente, la eventual intervención del hábitat de esta especie podría causar una disminución drástica de las poblaciones y posiblemente extinciones locales, similar a como ocurre con otras migalomorfas chilenas (Aguilera 2015;Aguilera et al 2019).…”