Impact of dilute acid pretreatment on the structure of bagasse for bioethanol production

Chen, Wei‐Hsin; Tu, Yi-Jian; Sheen, Herng-Kuang

doi:10.1002/er.1566

Cited by 103 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the low crystallinity indicated the presence of larger amounts of amorphous cellulose in the catalytic materials (Kuo and Lee 2009) the good performance of sPTS/400 and the crystal structure. The material exhibited a spike at 2θ value of 24°, which falls within the range reported for cellulose crystallography by Chen et al (2010). The next in line after sPTS/400 is sPTF/400 with a spike at 2θ value of 25.44° and a d-spacing of 3.498Å.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Palm Frond and Spikelet as Environmentally Benign Alternative Solid Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Sani¹,

Raji-Yahya²,

Alaba³

et al. 2015

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A carbonization-sulfonation method was utilized in synthesizing sulfonated mesoporous catalysts from palm tree biomass. Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and field emission scanning emission microscopy (FE-SEM) analyses were used to evaluate the structural and textural properties of the catalysts. Further, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and titrimetric analyses measured the strong acid value and acidity distribution of the materials. These analyses indicated that the catalysts had large mesopore volume, large surface area, uniform pore size, and high acid density. The catalytic activity exhibited by esterifying used frying oil (UFO) containing high (48%) free fatty acid (FFA) content further indicated these properties. All catalysts exhibited high activity, with sPTS/400 converting more than 98% FFA into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The catalyst exhibited the highest acid density, 1.2974 mmol/g, determined by NaOH titration. This is outstanding considering the lower reaction parameters of 5 h, 5:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, and a moderate temperature range between 100 and 200 °C. The study further illustrates the prospect of converting wastes into highly efficient, benign, and recyclable solid acid catalysts.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…A previous report by Chen et al (2010) identified 2θ peaks ranging from 22° to 23° as the major diffraction peaks for cellulose crystallography. Figure 1 shows the small angle XRD pattern for all the samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Palm Frond and Spikelet as Environmentally Benign Alternative Solid Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Sani¹,

Raji-Yahya²,

Alaba³

et al. 2015

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, the samples were cooled in a desiccator and weighed to obtain the Klason lignin yield. A portion of the inorganics in biomass dissolve during hydrolysis [52]; therefore, the lignin was ashed following hydrolysis, and the lignin yield was adjusted accordingly. galactose, arabinose, mannose, acetic acid, formic acid, levulinic acid and methanol.…”

Section: Biomass Structural Analysis Via Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of demineralisation and torrefaction to improve the properties of biomass intended as a feedstock for fast pyrolysis

Wigley

Yip

Pang

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pre-treatments of biomass were investigated to reduce its undesirable properties which may affect the quality of fast pyrolysis bio-oil. A pre-treatment sequence was developed in this study to incorporate both biomass demineralisation and torrefaction. Demineralisation was performed by dilute acid leaching, primarily to reduce the inorganic concentration in raw biomass, whereas torrefaction targeted a reduction of the carboxyl, moisture and oxygen content. The liquid produced during torrefaction was recycled back as the leaching reagent for demineralisation. This solution contained dilute organic acids; therefore, the viability of leaching with organic acids (acetic and formic acid) compared to commonly used mineral acids (sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric acid) was validated. Synthetic leaching solutions reduced the inorganic content in raw biomass from 0.41 wt% to 0.14 wt% when leached with 1% formic acid and to 0.16 wt% when leached with 1% acetic acid, which was comparable to leaching with the mineral acids. Recycled torrefaction liquid that contained other acidic compounds in small quantities reduced the inorganic content to 0.14 wt%, suggesting it is effective to use the recycled torrefaction liquid as the leaching solution. From the experimental results, the optimal conditions for biomass torrefaction were 260 °C for 20 min to minimise the char formation during pyrolysis, based on the increase in the acid-insoluble fraction of the biomass. However, the torrefaction temperature may be increased to 280 °C if further reductions in acetyl and oxygen content are required. Higher temperatures are associated with severe biomass loss and the initiation of hydrogen loss. It should be noted that even at 280 °C, the oxygen reduction is minimal. If oxygen reduction is the principal target when pre-treating biomass, it is suggested that torrefaction alone is not a suitable method to obtain bio-oil with a low oxygen content due to the low pyrolysis yields obtainable. This study demonstrated that the combined use of demineralisation and torrefaction as biomass pre-treatments has the ability to decrease the inorganic, acetyl and moisture content of biomass, which reduces undesirable catalytic reactions during fast pyrolysis to improve the quality of bio-oil produced.

show abstract

“…The proximate analysis was performed in accordance with the standard procedure of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). In the fiber analysis, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin were measured following the method adopted in a previous study (Chen et al, 2010). The elemental analysis was carried out using an elemental analyzer (Elementar Vario EL III).…”

Section: Raw Materials and Product Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugarcane Bagasse Pyrolysis in a Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere with Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Heating

Lin

Chen

2015

Front. Energy Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrolysis is an important thermochemical method to convert biomass into bio-oil. In this study, the pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse in a CO 2 atmosphere under conventional and microwave-assisted heating is investigated to achieve CO 2 utilization. In the microwave pyrolysis, charcoal is used as the microwave absorber to aid in pyrolysis reactions. The results indicate that the yields of pyrolysis products are greatly influenced by the heating modes. In the conventional heating, the prime product is bio-oil and its yield is in the range of 51-54 wt%, whereas biochar is the major product in microwave-assisted heating and its yield ranges from 61 to 84 wt%. Two different absorber blending ratios of 0.1 and 0.3 are considered in the microwave pyrolysis. The solid yield decreases when the absorber blending ratio decreases from 0.3 to 0.1, while the gas and liquid yields increase. This is attributed to more energy consumed for bagasse pyrolysis at the lower blending ratio. Hydrogen is produced under the microwave pyrolysis and its concentration is between 2 and 12 vol%. This arises from the fact that the secondary cracking of vapors and the secondary decomposition of biochar in an environment with microwave irradiation is easier than those with conventional heating.

show abstract

Impact of dilute acid pretreatment on the structure of bagasse for bioethanol production

Cited by 103 publications

References 26 publications

Palm Frond and Spikelet as Environmentally Benign Alternative Solid Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

Palm Frond and Spikelet as Environmentally Benign Alternative Solid Acid Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

The use of demineralisation and torrefaction to improve the properties of biomass intended as a feedstock for fast pyrolysis

Sugarcane Bagasse Pyrolysis in a Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere with Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Heating

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About