Impact of different mulching treatments on weed flora and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Hussain, Mubshar; Shah, Syed Nasir Abbas; Naeem, Muhammad; Farooq, Shahid; Jabran, Khawar; Al‐Farraj, Saleh A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266756

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…However, a significant enhancement was noted at 5 and 20 min of steaming, which resulted in taller plants than plots that were not steamed. The increase in plant height under steaming may be due to a lower weed cover in the plots, reducing resource competition between the crop and weeds, and conserving soil moisture (Hussain et al, 2022). Additionally, soil treated with steaming enhanced nutrient supplementation and nutrient delivery to the crop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doing so slows the evolution of resistant weeds that threaten herbicide efficacy, ultimately protecting farmer profits while minimizing herbicide's environmental impact. Rather than relying on chemical control alone, layering weed management strategies creates a more robust and sustainable approach (Naeem et al, 2022). Additionally, herbicide use is restricted in organic production and demands developing and optimizing alternative strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An integrated weed management approach in tomato using soil steaming, mulching, and winter cover crops

de Oliveira,

Serafim,

Breland

et al. 2023

Front. Agron.

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One of the most significant yield losses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is due to weeds. Yellow and purple nutsedge, large crabgrass, and Palmer amaranth are the most troublesome weed species in tomato production throughout the southeastern United States. This study aimed to determine the impact of soil steaming, plastic mulching, and cover crops on weed suppression, tomato height, and fruit yield. The cover crops used were hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), and cereal rye (Secale cereale). The study was conducted at the Mississippi State University Truck Crops Experiment Station in Crystal Springs, Mississippi, USA. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with three fall cover crop treatments, including fallow, and each was replicated three times and repeated in two years. Each plot was broadcasted with a mixture of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.), barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli), and Palmer amaranth [Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Watson] at a density of 20 plants m-2 for each weed species. Two days after sowing the weed seeds, the soil surface was steamed according to its assigned treatment until it reached 61°C for either 0, 5, or 20 min. After steaming, drip irrigation tubing was laid on each row, and covered by black, 0.0254-mm plastic mulch. Data were recorded in both years, including weed cover, plant height, and fruit yield. The lowest weed cover was observed at 5 min of soil steaming in mulched treatment, and the highest cover was noted at 0 min of soil steaming in the absence of mulching. Yellow nutsedge was the dominant weed species, even under steam and mulch treatments. The use of cover crops did not show a difference compared to fallow treatments. However, hairy vetch showed the lowest weed cover, followed by crimson clover. Tomato plants in steamed soil were up to 13 cm taller than those in unsteamed soils. Additionally, steaming at 5 or 20 min in combination with plastic mulch increased the marketable and cull yield. Soil steaming and mulching increased tomato plant height and yield while decreasing weed population and can, therefore, be effectively incorporated into an integrated weed management program in tomato.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated weed management approach in tomato using soil steaming, mulching, and winter cover crops

de Oliveira,

Serafim,

Breland

et al. 2023

Front. Agron.

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“…The phytoremediation plant selected for the trials was the sunflower, which is the fourth most common oil plant grown worldwide in terms of the cropped acreage [ 54 , 55 ]. According to the FAO data [ 56 ], the main sunflower producers are Ukraine, Russia, and Argentina. Helianthus annuus L. is highly tolerant to heavy metals [ 57 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of the Adverse Impact of Copper, Nickel, and Zinc on Soil Microorganisms and Enzymes by Mineral Sorbents

et al. 2022

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Despite numerous studies on the influence of heavy metals on soil health, the search for effective, eco-friendly, and economically viable remediation substances is far from over. This encouraged us to carry out a study under strictly controlled conditions to test the effects of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ added to soil in amounts of 150 mg·kg−1 d.m. of soil on the soil microbiome, on the activity of two oxidoreductases and five hydrolases, and on the growth and development of the sunflower Helianthus annunus L. The remediation substances were a molecular sieve, halloysite, sepiolite, expanded clay, zeolite, and biochar. It has been demonstrated that the most severe turbulences in the soil microbiome, its activity, and the growth of Helianthus annunus L. were caused by Ni2+, followed by Cu2+, and the mildest negative effect was produced by Zn2+. The adverse impact of heavy metals on the soil microbiome and its activity was alleviated by the applied sorbents. Their application also contributed to the increased biomass of plants, which is significant for the successful phytoextraction of these metals from soil. Irrespective of which property was analysed, sepiolite can be recommended for the remediation of soil polluted with Ni2+ and zeolite—for soil polluted with Cu2+ and Zn2+. Both sorbents mitigated to the highest degree disturbances caused by the tested metals in the soil environment.

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“…Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most cultivated cereals worldwide, having high economic relevance because of the nutritional value of its grains, which are used as human and animal food and as raw materials in different industries (Kamran et al, 2020;Yang & Yan, 2021). The growing global demand for maize and its derivatives has motivated research on strategies to enhance crop yield (Hussain et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Efficiency of Grammy Crop® (Azospirillum brasilense) Under Different Application Methods in First- and Second-Crop Maize

Sandini¹,

Falbo²,

Fiori³

et al. 2022

JAS

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The nutritional requirements of maize are some of the most studied factors in the production of this crop. It is known that nitrogen (N) is the major nutrient required by maize. Products based on microorganisms such as Azospirillum spp. can promote N fixation, providing yield gains. This study aimed to investigate the agronomic efficiency and feasibility of applying Grammy Crop® (Azospirillum brasilense-based product) by different methods to first- and second-crop maize. Experiments were conducted in two seasons between 2019 and 2020. In the first crop, a 4 × 7 factorial design was used, in which the first factor was locality (Candói, PR; Guarapuava, PR; Santa Maria do Oeste, PR; and Sertão, RS) and the second factor was treatment (untreated control, 75% N control, 100% N control, commercial A. brasilense-based inoculant, Grammy Crop® liquid seed treatment, Grammy Crop® peat-based seed treatment, and Grammy Crop® liquid foliar treatment). In the second crop, the factorial design was 3 × 7, with three localities (Pitanga, PR; São Miguel do Iguaçu, PR; and Serranópolis do Iguaçu, PR) and the same treatments. At physiological maturity, plants were evaluated for yield (kg ha-1), thousand grain weight (g), plant height (cm), shoot dry weight (kg ha-1), leaf N content (g kg-1), and grain N content (g kg-1). All treatments improved productive, vegetative, and nutritional parameters compared with the untreated control for all localities and crops. Grammy Crop® was efficient in improving maize yield under all methods of application, providing similar benefits as N fertilizer and a commercial inoculant.

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Impact of different mulching treatments on weed flora and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

An integrated weed management approach in tomato using soil steaming, mulching, and winter cover crops

An integrated weed management approach in tomato using soil steaming, mulching, and winter cover crops

Mitigation of the Adverse Impact of Copper, Nickel, and Zinc on Soil Microorganisms and Enzymes by Mineral Sorbents

Agronomic Efficiency of Grammy Crop® (Azospirillum brasilense) Under Different Application Methods in First- and Second-Crop Maize

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