Impact of different biopolymer networks on the digestion of gastric structured emulsions

Comparative behavior of protein or polysaccharide stabilized emulsion under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions

“…The capacity to control the lipid digestion within the gastrointestinal human tract could facilitate the development of functional foods that could result in decreasing the risk of suffering some diseases associated with the high lipid absorption such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases (Golding et al, 2011;Li, Hu, & McClements, 2011;Lowe, 1994;Singh, Ye, & Horne, 2009;Wooster et al, 2014). Moreover, this knowledge is important to develop lipid based delivery systems that would facilitate the incorporation of bioactive substances that could have healthy benefits (McClements, Decker, Park, & Weiss, 2008;SalviaTrujillo, Qian, Martín-Belloso, & McClements, 2013).…”

“…Moreover, the intestinal proteases (trypsin and chymotrypsin) carry out the hydrolysis of the protein interfacial films (Di Maio & Carrier, 2011;Martigne, Julien, & Sarda, 1987). It has been recently described the behavior of lipid emulsions under gastrointestinal conditions focusing in different aspects (Golding et al, 2011;Wooster et al, 2014;Ye et al, 2013). Malaki Nik et al (2011 have reported the effect of the emulsifier type in the physicochemical behavior of o/w emulsions during the in vitro digestion.…”

Impact of Protein Gel Porosity on the Digestion of Lipid Emulsions

“…The magnitude of this effect is a function of both the site and duration of small intestinal exposure to fatty acids, and is therefore largely affected by the way emulsions are emptied from the stomach and the speed of their digestion (18)(19)(20). The implications that different rates/extents of fat digestion have on human health are increasingly being recognised and understood (21,22), hence there has been consistent interest in understanding how to control fat digestion (23)(24)(25).…”

Approaches to Static Digestion Models

“…This can be corrected for at the end of the simulation by raising the pH to 9.0, assuring full dissociation of the fatty acids (Helbig et al 2012 ). Those that do include a substitute HGL in their gastric simulations often opt for a fungal lipase such as that from Rhizopus oryzae Wooster et al 2014 ). This lipase has been well characterised (Hiol et al 2000 ), exhibits similar site-specifi c hydrolysis of triglycerides to that of HGL and is acid stable.…”

“…Despite this focus there have been some more recent articles that look at the digestion of starch in the upper GI tract. In an article by Wooster et al ( 2014 ), an emulsion was combined with a range of different polymers including starch and the in vitro digestion simulated the small intestine with the use of pancreatin at 125 mg/mL but the activity was not assayed.…”