Impact of dietary glutamate and glycine on growth and nutrient utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Belghit, Ikram; Philip, Antony J. Prabhu; Maas, Roel M.; Lock, Erik‐Jan; Eding, E.H.; Espe, Marit; Schrama, J.W.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739311

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that two studies did not identify an effect of dietary glycine supplementation on the growth performance of juvenile rainbow trout [ 53 ] or Beluga sturgeon [ 54 ]. In the work of Belghit et al [ 53 ], rainbow trout with a mean initial BW of 87 g were restrictively fed (90% of satiety) for 6 weeks a black soldier fly larvae meal (40%)- and corn starch meal (16.48%)-based diet (41% crude protein including 1.73% glycine) supplemented with 0 or 1% glycine. In the investigation of Hoseini et al [ 54 ], Beluga sturgeon were fed for 8 weeks a fishmeal (35%)-, poultry by-product meal (15%)-, wheat meal (23%)-, and soybean meal (25%)-based diet (42% crude protein including 1.8% glycine) supplemented with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1% glycine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrepancies among the published reports regarding the effects of dietary glycine supplementation on the growth performance of various species of fish may result from differences in a plethora of factors, including AA metabolism (e.g., rates of endogenous synthesis and degradation of glycine), amounts of feed intake per kg BW, dietary nutrient composition, and environmental conditions. For example, restricted feeding [ 53 ] and a very low level of dietary cysteine (0.13%) [ 54 ] may limit the availability of AAs other than glycine for tissue protein synthesis in rainbow trout and Beluga sturgeon, respectively. For comparison, in our studies, both Phase-I and Phase-II HSB were fed at satiety and the diet contained 0.56% cysteine [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

He,

Li,

2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background We recently reported that supplementing glycine to soybean meal-based diets is necessary for the optimum growth of 5- to 40-g (Phase-I) and 110- to 240-g (Phase-II) hybrid striped bass (HSB), as well as their intestinal health. Although glycine serves as an essential substrate for syntheses of creatine and glutathione (GSH) in mammals (e.g., pigs), little is known about these metabolic pathways or their nutritional regulation in fish. This study tested the hypothesis that glycine supplementation enhances the activities of creatine- and GSH-forming enzymes as well as creatine and GSH availabilities in tissues of hybrid striped bass (HSB; Morone saxatilis♀ × Morone chrysops♂). Methods Phase-I and Phase-II HSB were fed a soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 0%, 1%, or 2% glycine for 8 weeks. At the end of the 56-d feeding, tissues (liver, intestine, skeletal muscle, kidneys, and pancreas) were collected for biochemical analyses. Results In contrast to terrestrial mammals and birds, creatine synthesis occurred primarily in skeletal muscle from all HSB. The liver was most active in GSH synthesis among the HSB tissues studied. In Phase-I HSB, supplementation with 1% or 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of intramuscular creatine (15%–19%) and hepatic GSH (8%–11%), while reducing (P < 0.05) hepatic GSH sulfide (GSSG)/GSH ratios by 14%–15%, compared with the 0-glycine group; there were no differences (P > 0.05) in these variables between the 1% and 2% glycine groups. In Phase-II HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and GSH in the muscle (15%–27%) and liver (11%–20%) in a dose-dependent manner, with reduced ratios of hepatic GSSG/GSH in the 1% or 2% glycine group. In all HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine dose-dependently increased (P < 0.05) activities of intramuscular arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (22%–41%) and hepatic γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (17%–37%), with elevated activities of intramuscular guanidinoacetate methyltransferase and hepatic GSH synthetase and GSH reductase in the 1% or 2% glycine group. Glycine supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and activities of its synthetic enzymes in tail kidneys and pancreas, and concentrations of GSH and activities of its synthetic enzymes in the proximal intestine. Conclusions Skeletal muscle and liver are the major organs for creatine and GSH syntheses in HSB, respectively. Dietary glycine intake regulates creatine and GSH syntheses by both Phase-I and Phase-II HSB in a tissue-specific manner. Based on the metabolic data, glycine is a conditionally essential amino acid for the growing fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

He,

Li,

2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Effects of Boric Acid on Oxidative Stress Parameters, Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

Öz

2024

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with a starting weight of 397.28 ± 3.21 g were fed different ratios (G1-0.00%, G2-0.010%, G3-0.025%, and G4-0.050%) of boric acid-supplemented feed for 140 days. The effects of dietary boric acid on oxidative stress parameters, growth performance, haematology and some biochemical parameters were investigated after the feeding period. The addition of boric acid to trout feed positively affected growth performance; the final weights of the groups were 928.15 ± 5.73 g, 955.87 ± 8.67 g, 994.24994,75 ± 7.46 g, and 976.80976,80 ± 6.26 g for the control group and the three experimental groups, respectively. The lowest feed conversation ratio (FCR) was 1.19 (G3) whereas the highest was 1.42 (G1). The lowest protein efficiency ratio was 1.63 (G1), while the highest was 1.95 (G3). In this study, it was observed that boric acid added to the feed changed muscle and blood oxidative stress parameters in rainbow trout, increased the growth performance of rainbow trout, and affected blood and biochemistry values.

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Amino acids profile of six freshwater Algae in the northern region of Bangladesh: A solution for the protein supplement of poultry feed

Moniruzzaman,

Bhuiyan,

Mondol

et al. 2023

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

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Impact of dietary glutamate and glycine on growth and nutrient utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

Effects of Boric Acid on Oxidative Stress Parameters, Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

Amino acids profile of six freshwater Algae in the northern region of Bangladesh: A solution for the protein supplement of poultry feed

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