Impact of Dietary Flavanols on Microbiota, Immunity and Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases

Martín, Maria Ángeles; Ramos, Sonia

doi:10.3390/nu13030850

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…The subclass of flavanols is mainly composed of the compounds catechin and epicatechin, which are predominantly found in cocoa, grapes, wine and green tea ( 173 ). Administration of green tea through drinking water over a period of 6 weeks in diabetic rodents improved HDL functionality by increasing serum PON1 activity and reducing oxidation of apoB-containing lipoproteins ( 174 ).…”

Section: Impact Of Dietary Intake Of Polyphenols On Hdl Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health: Focus on Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality

Stadler

Marsche

2021

Front. Nutr.

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with increasing incidence. A cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention is lifestyle modification through dietary changes to influence various risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. The effects of diet on cardiovascular health are complex. Some dietary components and metabolites directly affect the composition and structure of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and increase anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties. HDLs are composed of distinct subpopulations of particles of varying size and composition that have several dynamic and context-dependent functions. The identification of potential dietary components that improve HDL functionality is currently an important research goal. One of the best-studied diets for cardiovascular health is the Mediterranean diet, consisting of fish, olive oil, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes/nuts, and moderate consumption of alcohol, most commonly red wine. The Mediterranean diet, especially when supplemented with extra virgin olive oil rich in phenolic compounds, has been shown to markedly improve metrics of HDL functionality and reduce the burden, or even prevent the development of cardiovascular disease. Particularly, the phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oil seem to exert the significant positive effects on HDL function. Moreover, supplementation of anthocyanins as well as antioxidants such as lycopene or the omega−3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid improve parameters of HDL function. In this review, we aim to highlight recent discoveries on beneficial dietary patterns as well as nutritional components and their effects on cardiovascular health, focusing on HDL function.

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Section: Impact Of Dietary Intake Of Polyphenols On Hdl Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health: Focus on Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality

Stadler

Marsche

2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…Tea catechins can favor the growth of potentially beneficial bacteria, though at the same time they can also hinder that of some potentially detrimental microbes [ 13 ]. Hence, polyphenols were included among the different substances that could act as prebiotics [ 14 ].…”

Section: Phenolic Content Of Green Tea and Their Relation With Gut Microbiota Gut Bacteria Genera And Species Stimulated Or Inhibited By mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Tea and Its Relation to Human Gut Microbiome

et al. 2021

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Green tea can influence the gut microbiota by either stimulating the growth of specific species or by hindering the development of detrimental ones. At the same time, gut bacteria can metabolize green tea compounds and produce smaller bioactive molecules. Accordingly, green tea benefits could be due to beneficial bacteria or to microbial bioactive metabolites. Therefore, the gut microbiota is likely to act as middle man for, at least, some of the green tea benefits on health. Many health promoting effects of green tea seems to be related to the inter-relation between green tea and gut microbiota. Green tea has proven to be able to correct the microbial dysbiosis that appears during several conditions such as obesity or cancer. On the other hand, tea compounds influence the growth of bacterial species involved in inflammatory processes such as the release of LPS or the modulation of IL production; thus, influencing the development of different chronic diseases. There are many studies trying to link either green tea or green tea phenolic compounds to health benefits via gut microbiota. In this review, we tried to summarize the most recent research in the area.

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“…Increased numbers of studies show that the supplementation of polyphenols from apple juice, berries, red wine, and teas can increase the relative abundance of probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium , and decrease some pathogenic bacteria, such as H. pylori and C. difficile [ 83 ]. In addition, polyphenols impact gut microbiota metabolites to exert anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Factors Contributing To Gut Microbiome Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consideration of Gut Microbiome in Murine Models of Diseases

2021

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The gut microbiome (GM), a complex community of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi located in the gut of humans and animals, plays significant roles in host health and disease. Animal models are widely used to investigate human diseases in biomedical research and the GM within animal models can change due to the impact of many factors, such as the vendor, husbandry, and environment. Notably, variations in GM can contribute to differences in disease model phenotypes, which can result in poor reproducibility in biomedical research. Variation in the gut microbiome can also impact the translatability of animal models. For example, standard lab mice have different pathogen exposure experiences when compared to wild or pet store mice. As humans have antigen experiences that are more similar to the latter, the use of lab mice with more simplified microbiomes may not yield optimally translatable data. Additionally, the literature describes many methods to manipulate the GM and differences between these methods can also result in differing interpretations of outcomes measures. In this review, we focus on the GM as a potential contributor to the poor reproducibility and translatability of mouse models of disease. First, we summarize the important role of GM in host disease and health through different gut–organ axes and the close association between GM and disease susceptibility through colonization resistance, immune response, and metabolic pathways. Then, we focus on the variation in the microbiome in mouse models of disease and address how this variation can potentially impact disease phenotypes and subsequently influence research reproducibility and translatability. We also discuss the variations between genetic substrains as potential factors that cause poor reproducibility via their effects on the microbiome. In addition, we discuss the utility of complex microbiomes in prospective studies and how manipulation of the GM through differing transfer methods can impact model phenotypes. Lastly, we emphasize the need to explore appropriate methods of GM characterization and manipulation.

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Impact of Dietary Flavanols on Microbiota, Immunity and Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases

Cited by 38 publications

References 118 publications

Dietary Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health: Focus on Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality

Dietary Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health: Focus on Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality

Green Tea and Its Relation to Human Gut Microbiome

Consideration of Gut Microbiome in Murine Models of Diseases

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