Impact of dietary fibers in infant formulas on gut microbiota and the intestinal immune barrier

Abstract

Human milk (HM) is the gold standard for the nutrition of infants. An important component of HM are human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs), which play an important role in gut microbiota...

Chicory inulin enhances fermentation of 2′-fucosyllactose by infant fecal microbiota and differentially influences immature dendritic cell and T-cell cytokine responses under normal and Th2-polarizing conditions

“…The in vitro fermentations were executed in an anaerobic chamber (gas phase: 4% H2, 15% CO2 and 81% N2) (Bactron 300, Sheldon Manufacturing, Cornelius, USA) in duplicate as reported previously. 15 In short, the pooled fecal inoculum and SIEM containing native inulin and/or 2'-FL were mixed in a ratio of 1:10 (v/v) in sterile flasks with a total volume of 54 ml. Native inulin and 2'-FL were fermented individually and in combination in a ratio of 4:1.…”

“…5 Since a few years it is possible to produce 2'-FL as a fermentation product of genetically engineered microorganisms such as E. coli and yeast, 13,14 which makes it possible to produce it in a cost-effective way which allows broad application in infant Please do not adjust margins Please do not adjust margins formulas. 15 It is composed of a lactose base decorated with an α(1-2)-linked fucose unit at the galactose moiety. In HM of mothers carrying the secretor-gene which accounts for 80% of the population, 16 2'-FL is one of the most prevalent HMOs.…”

Human milk oligosaccharide 2′-fucosyllactose supplementation improves gut barrier function and signaling in the vagal afferent pathway in mice

“…16 Administration of 2′-FL can act as a prebiotic to improve gut dysbiosis. [17][18][19] 2′-FL also has direct beneficial effects on the host at the level of the gastrointestinal tract to improve intestinal immune and barrier function as shown in in vitro studies and following dietary supplementation in vivo. 20,21 Another potentially important, yet poorly understood, beneficial function of HMO is their contribution to the cognitive development of infants.…”

Nutritional strategies for mucosal health: the interplay between microbes and mucin glycans

“…In the case of NEC, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer, the role of the mucosal microbiota has been shown to be associated with the (corresponding) diseased state [55]. Promising results are reported for HMOs and blood type antigens as prebiotic glycans, being effective as microbiota modulators to improve gut and immune health [66][67][68][69]. Furthermore, apart from currently available glycans, the use of new synthetic glycans has also been suggested, with the possibility of using not only the glycan chains but also the backbone of the mucin structures in combination with glycan chains [59,70].…”