Impact of Diet Quality during Pregnancy on Gestational Weight Gain and Selected Adipokines—Results of a German Cross-Sectional Study

Ehrhardt, Christina; Deibert, Clara; Flöck, A; Merz, Waltraut M.; Gembruch, Ulrich; Bockler, Adeline; Dötsch, Jörg; Joisten, Christine; Ferrari, Nina

doi:10.3390/nu14071515

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The association between diet quality and GWG were not uniform in the previous studies. A German cross-sectional study not found the association between HEI and GWG [27]. However, the Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study (PETALS) suggested that diet quality measured by the HEI-2010 is associated with excessive GWG [28], which was consistent with our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The association of diet quality scores with the adverse pregnancy outcomes

He,

Li,

Chi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gestational weight gain (GWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as two major adverse pregnancy outcomes, could be affected by diet patterns, and GWG also influenced GDM. Therefore, we aimed to explore the four diet quality scores and two adverse pregnancy outcomes in a more macroscopic way. 667 women for GWG part and 333 women for GDM part who were pregnant from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aged 20 to 44 years, were involved in this study, respectively. Four diet quality scores including dietary inflammatory index (DII), dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Healthy Eating In-dex-2015 (HEI-2015), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010 (AHEI-2010) were chosen in this study. We found that higher HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 were associated with lower risk of GWG, especially for advanced maternal age. Lower DII and higher DASH were associated with lower risk of GDM. These associations were robust after excluding the diabetic patients. For pregnant women with GWG, DASH was negatively associated with the risk of GDM. Summarily, adherence of healthy dietary pattern associated with decreased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We recommended advanced maternal age women to adherence of HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 to prevent GWG. For pregnant women with GWG, adherence of DASH was benefit to GDM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The association of diet quality scores with the adverse pregnancy outcomes

He,

Li,

Chi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Past studies examining the associations between diet quality assessed via HEI and gestational weight gain have been conflicting. Several studies that were limited to cross-sectional data or small sample sizes [ 12 , 13 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] found no link between diet quality and GWG. However, most of these studies did not examine the prospective association between diet quality and subsequent GWG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Quality Indices in Early Pregnancy and Rate of Gestational Weight Gain among a Prospective Multi-Racial and Ethnic Cohort

et al. 2023

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Meeting the Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines is associated with a reduced risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Overall diet quality comprehensively assesses dietary components and accounts for interactions between them. While GWG is influenced by maternal diet, its association with overall diet quality—measured by various dietary quality indices—is not well-defined. We prospectively estimated the relationship between four established dietary quality indices and the risk of GWG rate above (excessive) or below (inadequate) IOM guidelines in a multi-racial and ethnic cohort of 2914 pregnant people from the Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study (2014–2019). We assessed diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDIP). Following the first trimester, 56% of the cohort had excessive GWG, and 14% had inadequate GWG. Poor diet quality (below the 75th percentile), measured by HEI-2010, was associated with a higher risk of excessive GWG in the second and third trimesters [RR = 1.03 (1.00, 1.06)]. Effect modification of this relationship by race and ethnicity and pre-pregnancy BMI was assessed. We found poor diet quality to be associated with elevated risk of excessive GWG among Black participants [RR = 1.14 (1.02, 1.28)] and White participants [RR 1.07 (1.01, 1.12)]. This was also the case for participants with pre-pregnancy BMI < 25.0 [RR 1.05 (1.00, 1.10)]. These results suggest that diet quality measured by the HEI-2010 is associated with excessive GWG, and the associations appear to be stronger among pregnant people without overweight or obesity and pregnant people who identify as Black or White race and ethnicity.

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“…IL-6 was also connected with total activity. Hence, it is important that the improvement of diet quality and physical activity in women before and during pregnancy, especially overweight and obese women, is addressed [16].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines in gestational diabetes

Łopuszyńska

Ochyra

Pawlicki

et al. 2022

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is any hyperglycemic condition that has appeared for the first time in previously healthy pregnant women. The incidence varies from 1% to 20% and is constantly increasing. GDM results in numerous complications for both the fetus and the mother. Adipokines are a group of protein hormones and cytokines that are secreted by adipose tissue. They affect glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, appetite, and immune response. Due to their involvement in these processes, there are more and more reports that adipokines influence the pathomechanism of gestational diabetes. Material and methods, aim: The literature in the PubMed scientific database published in 2015-2022 was searched using the keywords: gestational diabetes, adipokines. The aim of this review is to present the role of adipokines in the pathomechanism of gestational diabetes as well as their potential role in the detection and treatment of this condition. Results: The pathophysiology of gestational diabetes is not fully understood. It has been noted that mothers with GDM have elevated levels of leptin. In turn, the level of adiponectin is lower in women with gestational diabetes compared to healthy women. Adipokines such as visphatin, resistin or chimerin are also suspected of a possible role in the pathomechanism of the disease. These reports could lead to the discovery of a biomarker for the rapid detection of GDM. Conclusions: Gestational diabetes is a common disease in pregnancy, the incidence of which is constantly increasing. Its complications are dangerous for both the mother and her baby. That is why research is important that will allow us to learn about its pathomechanism, to detect it faster, and to prevent it. Studies using adipokines show promising results, hence the urgent need for more randomized, multicentre studies to better understand their role in gestational diabetes.

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Impact of Diet Quality during Pregnancy on Gestational Weight Gain and Selected Adipokines—Results of a German Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

The association of diet quality scores with the adverse pregnancy outcomes

The association of diet quality scores with the adverse pregnancy outcomes

Dietary Quality Indices in Early Pregnancy and Rate of Gestational Weight Gain among a Prospective Multi-Racial and Ethnic Cohort

Adipokines in gestational diabetes

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