Impact of deforestation in the Amazon basin on cloud climatology

Wang, Jingfeng; Chagnon, F.; Williams, Earle; Betts, Alan K.; Rennó, N. O.; Machado, Luiz A. T.; Bisht, Gautam; Knox, R. G.; Bras, Rafael L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0810156106

Cited by 157 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Within an area of approximately 200 x 200 km 2 , the size of a typical climate model grid box, the probability of storm initiation is about one third 85 higher over drier soils compared to wet areas. This relationship is consistent with previous studies looking at both Sahelian soil moisture 6 , and land cover in other regions [23][24] , where afternoon convection is favoured over surfaces with a greater sensible heat flux.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

Frequency of Sahelian storm initiation enhanced over mesoscale soil-moisture patterns

et al. 2011

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Richard J.; Couvreux, Fleur; De Kauwe, Martin. 2011 Frequency of Sahelian storm initiation enhanced over mesoscale soil-moisture patterns. Nature Geoscience, 4 (7). 430-433. 10.1038/ngeo1173Copyright © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/14104/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the authors and/or other rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the author's final manuscript version of the journal article prior to the peer review process. Some differences between this and the publisher's version may remain. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from this article.www.nature.com/ Contact CEH NORA team at noraceh@ceh.ac.ukThe NERC and CEH trade marks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner.

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supporting

confidence: 81%

Frequency of Sahelian storm initiation enhanced over mesoscale soil-moisture patterns

et al. 2011

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“…On the other hand, large-scale deforestation may act to decrease the precipitation rate. Increases in nonprecipitation clouds and a decrease in the dry season precipitation have been observed over deforested areas in Amazonia (95). Modeling studies simulating the rainforest replacement by pasture also showed a decrease in rainfall with an increase in deforested areas (7,91,92,(96)(97)(98).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 85%

Land-use and climate change risks in the Amazon and the need of a novel sustainable development paradigm

Nobre

Sampaio

Borma

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

680

449

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For half a century, the process of economic integration of the Amazon has been based on intensive use of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources, which has brought significant basin-wide environmental alterations. The rural development in the Amazonia pushed the agricultural frontier swiftly, resulting in widespread land-cover change, but agriculture in the Amazon has been of low productivity and unsustainable. The loss of biodiversity and continued deforestation will lead to high risks of irreversible change of its tropical forests. It has been established by modeling studies that the Amazon may have two "tipping points," namely, temperature increase of 4°C or deforestation exceeding 40% of the forest area. If transgressed, large-scale "savannization" of mostly southern and eastern Amazon may take place. The region has warmed about 1°C over the last 60 y, and total deforestation is reaching 20% of the forested area. The recent significant reductions in deforestation-80% reduction in the Brazilian Amazon in the last decade-opens up opportunities for a novel sustainable development paradigm for the future of the Amazon. We argue for a new development paradigm-away from only attempting to reconcile maximizing conservation versus intensification of traditional agriculture and expansion of hydropower capacity-in which we research, develop, and scale a high-tech innovation approach that sees the Amazon as a global public good of biological assets that can enable the creation of innovative high-value products, services, and platforms through combining advanced digital, biological, and material technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in progress.Amazon tropical forests | Amazon sustainability | Amazon land use | Amazon savannization | climate change impacts

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“…Our results here indicate that the convective schemes used in GCMs might also be part of the reason. Berg et al [2013] also attributed the difference of TFS results and those in other studies showing negative feedbacks [e.g., Carleton et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Taylor et al, 2011Taylor et al, , 2012 to the coupling indices framework and the spatial scale difference. The positive feedback as shown through TFS in our coarse spatial resolution simulations ($2.88 here) is not necessarily contradictory with those studies that emphasize scales of coupling in the 10-100 km range accounting for surface heterogeneity, which are not included in our framework.…”

Section: Journal Of Advances In Modeling Earth Systems 101002/2016msmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of explicit convection on global land‐atmosphere coupling in the superparameterized CAM

Sun

Pritchard

2016

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Conventional global climate models are prone to producing unrealistic land‐atmosphere coupling signals. Cumulus and convection parameterizations are natural culprits but the effect of bypassing them with explicitly resolved convection on global land‐atmosphere coupling dynamics has not been explored systematically. We apply a suite of modern land‐atmosphere coupling diagnostics to isolate the effect of cloud Superparameterization in the Community Atmosphere Model (SPCAM) v3.5, focusing on both the terrestrial segment (i.e., soil moisture and surface turbulent fluxes interaction) and atmospheric segment (i.e., surface turbulent fluxes and precipitation interaction) in the water pathway of the land‐atmosphere feedback loop. At daily timescales, SPCAM produces stronger uncoupled terrestrial signals (negative sign) over tropical rainforests in wet seasons, reduces the terrestrial coupling strength in the Central Great Plain in American, and reverses the coupling sign (from negative to positive) over India in the boreal summer season—all favorable improvements relative to reanalysis‐forced land modeling. Analysis of the triggering feedback strength (TFS) and amplification feedback strength (AFS) shows that SPCAM favorably reproduces the observed geographic patterns of these indices over North America, with the probability of afternoon precipitation enhanced by high evaporative fraction along the eastern United States and Mexico, while conventional CAM does not capture this signal. We introduce a new diagnostic called the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) Feedback Strength (PFS), which reveals that SPCAM exhibits a tight connection between the responses of the lifting condensation level, the PBL height, and the rainfall triggering to surface turbulent fluxes; a triggering disconnect is found in CAM.

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Impact of deforestation in the Amazon basin on cloud climatology

Cited by 157 publications

References 29 publications

Frequency of Sahelian storm initiation enhanced over mesoscale soil-moisture patterns

Frequency of Sahelian storm initiation enhanced over mesoscale soil-moisture patterns

Land-use and climate change risks in the Amazon and the need of a novel sustainable development paradigm

Effects of explicit convection on global land‐atmosphere coupling in the superparameterized CAM

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