Impact of cultivar, row spacing and seeding rate on ascochyta blight severity and yield of chickpea

Chang, K. F.; Ahmed, Hammad; Hwang, Sheau‐Fang; Gossen, B. D.; Howard, R. J.; Warkentin, Thomas D.; Strelkov, Stephen E.; Blade, S. F.

doi:10.4141/p06-067

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Different approaches are available to manage Ascochyta blight in chickpea crops with varying levels of effectiveness. These include foliar fungicide applications, seed treatment, agronomic practices, growing resistant cultivars and integration of two or more control options (Gan et al, 2006 ; Chang et al, 2007a ; Dusunceli et al, 2007 ; Lobna et al, 2010 ). Although different Ascochyta blight management options are available for growers, breeding for host plant resistance is given the highest priority by national and international chickpea breeding programs (Singh and Reddy, 1996 ; Muehlbauer and Chen, 2007 ; Rubiales and Fondevilla, 2012 ; Sharma and Ghosh, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature Stresses on the Resistance of Chickpea Genotypes and Aggressiveness of Didymella rabiei Isolates

Kemal

Bencheqroun

Hamwieh³

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food and rotation crop in many parts of the world. Cold (freezing and chilling temperatures) and Ascochyta blight (Didymella rabiei) are the major constraints in chickpea production. The effects of temperature stresses on chickpea susceptibility and pathogen aggressiveness are not well documented in the Cicer-Didymella pathosystem. Two experiments were conducted under controlled conditions using chickpea genotypes and pathogen isolates in 2011 and 2012. In Experiment 1, four isolates of D. rabiei (AR-01, AR-02, AR-03 and AR-04), six chickpea genotypes (Ghab-1, Ghab-2, Ghab-3, Ghab-4, Ghab-5 and ICC-12004) and four temperature regimes (10, 15, 20, and 25°C) were studied using 10 day-old seedlings. In Experiment 2, three chickpea genotypes (Ghab-1, Ghab-2, and ICC-12004) were exposed to 5 and 10 days of chilling temperature exposure at 5°C and non-exposed seedlings were used as controls. Seedlings of the three chickpea genotypes were inoculated with the four pathogen isolates used in Experiment 1. Three disease parameters (incubation period, latent period and disease severity) were measured to evaluate treatment effects. In Experiment 1, highly significant interactions between genotypes and isolates; genotypes and temperature; and isolate and temperature were observed for incubation and latent periods. Genotype x isolate and temperature x isolate interactions also significantly affected disease severity. The resistant genotype ICC-12004 showed long incubation and latent periods and low disease severity at all temperatures. The highly aggressive isolate AR-04 caused symptoms, produced pycnidia in short duration as well as high disease severity across temperature regimes, which indicated it is adapted to a wide range of temperatures. Short incubation and latent periods and high disease severity were observed on genotypes exposed to chilling temperature. Our findings showed that the significant interactions of genotypes and isolates with temperature did not cause changes in the rank orders of the resistance of chickpea genotypes and aggressiveness of pathogen isolates. Moreover, chilling temperature predisposed chickpea genotypes to D. rabiei infection; developing multiple stress resistance is thus a pre-requisite for the expansion of winter-sown chickpea in West Asia and North Africa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Temperature Stresses on the Resistance of Chickpea Genotypes and Aggressiveness of Didymella rabiei Isolates

Kemal

Bencheqroun

Hamwieh³

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…These results agree with previous findings in chickpea (Jettner et al, 1999; Gan et al, 2003a; Regan et al, 2003). The increased seed yield with high plant population is attributable to the production of more pods (Gan et al, 2003b) and more seeds per unit area (Regan et al, 2003), despite more disease on individual plants (Chang et al, 2007). Pulse plants grow slowly during the early part of the seedling growth period when soil water losses through evaporation can be substantial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chickpea grown in wider rows had less ascochyta blight than when grown in rows with a narrower spacing (Akem, 2001). In a recent study, Chang et al (2007) found that low PPD in chickpea reduced ascochyta severity and increased seed yield on a per‐plant basis, and that the seed yield per unit area was lower with lower PPD due to a fewer seeds per unit area. However, little is known about the effect of PPD on ascochyta blight in chickpea cultivars with different leaf types and growth habits.…”

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confidence: 98%

Cultivar Type, Plant Population, and Ascochyta Blight in Chickpea

Gan

Gossen

et al. 2007

Agronomy Journal

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Integrated management strategies are required to minimize ascochyta blight, a fungal disease caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labrousse [teleomorph, Didymella rabiei (Kovachevski) v. Arx] in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). This study determined the effect of cultivars varying in plant architecture and plant population density (PPD) on the severity of ascochyta blight. Four desi chickpea (with pinnate leaves) and four kabuli chickpea (two with pinnate leaves and two with unifoliate leaves) were grown at 25, 36, 44, 53, and 62 plants m 22 (actual counts 3 wk after initial seedling emergence) at Swift Current from 2002 to 2005 and at Saskatoon in 2004 and 2005. Site-years had a significant effect on ascochyta blight epidemics, with the highest severity at Swift Current in 2005 and lowest at Saskatoon in 2004. Across site-years, ascochyta blight was most severe on 'Evans', followed by 'CDC Xena', and lowest on '222B-11'. Cultivars with pinnate leaves had lower blight severity than those with unifoliate leaves during all growth stages. At the latepod stage, severity in cultivars with pinnate leaves averaged 15% compared with 48% in unifoliate cultivars. Kabuli cultivars had higher severity than desi cultivars throughout the growing season, and at the late-pod stage, severity was 13% for the desi and 33% for the kabuli. There was a significant interaction between cultivar and PPD for blight severity. Ascochyta blight increased as PPD increased for the majority of the cultivars tested, with a few exceptions. Site-year accounted for the largest portion of the treatment variance in blight severity (69%), followed by cultivar type (25%), and then PPD (6%). Increasing PPD consistently increased seed yield per unit area, despite more disease on plants at higher PPD. Identifying optimum plant populations for groups of cultivars with similar plant architecture should be a component in an integrated strategy to minimize ascochyta blight in chickpea.

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“…The development of integrated disease management is the key to success and increase chickpea production. In absence of chickpea variety totally resistance to ABL, some techniques have been used to control and reduce ABL disease effects, such as sowing pattern, row spacing and seed rate by identification of the optimum plant populations (Chang et al 2007) and application of fungicide (Armstrong-Cho et al 2008). Optimum row spacing and seed rate play an important role to increase the yield because thick plant population will not get proper light for photosynthesis and can be attacked by diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Row Spacing and Seed Rate on Ascochyta Blight Severity and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Tunisia

Ouji

Chekali

Chaieb

et al. 2021

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Background: In Tunisia, chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the second major food legume. The development of chickpea production is facing several biotic constraints. Ascochyta blight (ABL) caused by Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr. is the most devastating disease and can cause complete yield losses under favorable conditions. In absence of chickpea variety totally resistance to ABL, some methods should be used to control and reduce this disease effects and help for its management. Therefore, this work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of row spacing and seed rate on ABL severity, growth and yield of chickpea. Methods: A split-plot design with three replicates was adopted to carry out this study during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. ‘Beja1’ chickpea variety was sown at 40 and 60 cm row spacing and at three seed rates (80, 110 and 140 kg ha-1). ABL severity was assessed visually on a 0-9 scale and agro morphological traits were measured. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Correlations between agronomic traits, row spacing, seed rate and ABL severity were investigated. Result: Results showed that most of the variation in disease severity was associated with seed rate (r=0.61). The highest ABL score severity was noted at 140 kg ha-1 rate. Over both years, wide row spacing and low seed rate reduced ABL severity. Chickpea sown under narrow row spacing (40 cm) produced higher grain yield (1014 and 1099.7 kg ha-1 for 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons, respectively). Grain yield was tending to decrease with increasing sowing rates but at a density higher than optimal, grain yields decrease. In this study, ABL disease severity reached a score of 3.7 and 4.3 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. These disease severities levels had little effect on yield.

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Impact of cultivar, row spacing and seeding rate on ascochyta blight severity and yield of chickpea

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Temperature Stresses on the Resistance of Chickpea Genotypes and Aggressiveness of Didymella rabiei Isolates

Effects of Temperature Stresses on the Resistance of Chickpea Genotypes and Aggressiveness of Didymella rabiei Isolates

Cultivar Type, Plant Population, and Ascochyta Blight in Chickpea

Effect of Row Spacing and Seed Rate on Ascochyta Blight Severity and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Tunisia

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