Impact of COVID-19 vaccination: a global perspective

Abstract

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread morbidity, mortality, and socio-economic disruptions worldwide. Vaccination has proven to be a crucial strategy in controlling the spread of the virus and mitigating its impact.ObjectiveThe study focuses on assessing the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in reducing the incidence of positive cases, hospitalizations, and ICU admissions. The presented study is focused on the COVID-19 fully vaccinated population by considering the data from the first positive case reported until 20 September 2021.MethodsUsing data from multiple countries, time series analysis is deployed to investigate the variations in the COVID-19 positivity rates, hospitalization rates, and ICU requirements after successful vaccination campaigns at the country scale.ResultsAnalysis of the COVID-19 positivity rates revealed a substantial decline in countries with high pre-vaccination rates. Within 1–3 months of vaccination campaigns, these rates decreased by 20–44%. However, certain countries experienced an increase in positivity rates with the emergence of the new Delta variant, emphasizing the importance of ongoing monitoring and adaptable vaccination strategies. Similarly, the analysis of hospitalization rates demonstrated a steady decline as vaccination drive rates rose in various countries. Within 90 days of vaccination, several countries achieved hospitalization rates below 200 per million. However, a slight increase in hospitalizations was observed in some countries after 180 days of vaccination, underscoring the need for continued vigilance. Furthermore, the ICU patient rates decreased as vaccination rates increased across most countries. Within 120 days, several countries achieved an ICU patient rate of 20 per million, highlighting the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing severe cases requiring intensive care.ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccination has proven to be very much effective in reducing the incidence of cases, hospitalizations, and ICU admissions. However, ongoing surveillance, variant monitoring, and adaptive vaccination strategies are crucial for maximizing the benefits of vaccination and effectively controlling the spread of the virus.

Lack of Specific Immune Response after Five Doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in a Patient with CD4+ T-Cell Lymphopenia but Preserved Responses to CMV

“…Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been the most effective measure against the COVID-19 pandemic [1,2]. Some patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) (like Good syndrome, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED)/anti-IFN autoantibodies and antibody deficiencies with autoimmune/inflammatory disorders) belong to a small group that is highly vulnerable to severe courses of COVID-19 [3][4][5], so IEI patients were prioritized for prompt and repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in our country [6].…”

sTREM-1 as a Predictive Biomarker for Disease Severity and Prognosis in COVID-19 Patients

“…[1][2][3] Although vaccines can effectively enhance the population's resistance to the virus and reduce the mortality rate among patients, the continuous mutation of the virus leads to immune escape. 4,5 As a result, even individuals who have previously been infected with COVID-19 can still experience reinfection. 6 Elderly individuals or those with weakened immune systems and underlying cardiovascular diseases are still at risk of death.…”