Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourist Travel Risk Perception and Travel Behaviour: A Case Study of Poland

Jęczmyk, Anna; Uglis, Jarosław; Zawadka, Jan; Pietrzak-Zawadka, Joanna; Wojcieszak, Monika; Kozera-Kowalska, Magdalena

doi:10.3390/ijerph20085545

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…There is a general agreement that the outbreak of the pandemic had psychological effects on tourists worldwide [ 54 ]. A specific effect of the pandemic that has been frequently reported is an increase in risk perception such that tourists are less willing to travel for fear of a COVID-19 infection [ 54 , 55 , 58 ]. For example, in the study by Li et al [ 58 ], domestic tourism demand in China during the year 2020 was negatively associated with the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases at the tourist destinations when seen relative to the cases of the tourists’ hometowns.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the determinants of tourism receipts of Thailand and relevant determinant-determinant interactions

Khemthong,

Luenam,

Frank

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The study examined the determinants that affect tourism receipts in Thailand. To this end, quarterly data from eight main provinces of Thailand from the period 2015–2019 were used and constituted a repeated measures design. Accordingly, a generalized linear mixed model was applied for developing two different random intercept models by treating 1) province, and 2) a combination of province and calendar quarter as cluster-specific effects. It was found that determinants that increased tourism receipts were the number of visitors, the average cost per day, the length of stay of visitors, the presence of low-cost airlines, and a relatively low offence rate. Moreover, an increase in the number of visitors in the fourth quarter produced a higher amount of additional receipts as compared to a similar increase in the first quarter. Specifically, for Thailand attracting high-spending tourists and extending tourist visas for more than 30 days is recommended. Beyond Thailand, uncovering interaction effects as described above may help tourism agencies to focus their limited resources on the determinants that matter.

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Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the determinants of tourism receipts of Thailand and relevant determinant-determinant interactions

Khemthong,

Luenam,

Frank

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…In the event of an epidemic shock, the coordinated development of the tourism system in 2020 and 2021 was significantly impacted [20]. The global contagion precipitated a precipitous decline in overall coordination in 2020, with a significant impact on the tourism industry and transportation system [21]. As vaccination rates rise, tourism will recover more rapidly, but there is still a need for vigilance regarding the impact of re-emerging and mutating viruses on the tourism industry [22].…”

Section: Analysis Of the Factors Influencing Coupling Coordinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Coordination Effects and Influencing Factors of Transportation and Tourism Development in Shaanxi Region

Zhang

2023

Sustainability

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With the accelerated growth of global tourism and the increasing availability of transport, the coordination and interaction between the tourism economy and transport have become a topic of great interest. This study seeks to analyse the coordination effects and influencing factors of Shaanxi’s tourism economy and transportation, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the region’s tourism economy. To achieve this, we develop a tourism economy–transportation evaluation index system and employ the system coupled with the coordination model and entropy method to conduct a thorough analysis. The research spans over the years 2003–2021. According to the findings of this study, the integration and coordination of tourism economy–transportation and tourism development in Shaanxi are exhibiting an upward development trend. Over the years, the degree of coupling coordination has progressed through the stages of uncoordinated development, transformational development, and coordinated development, with the recent epidemic upheaval resulting in a primary level of coordination. In addition, the transport system has a significant impact on the coupled and coordinated development of the tourism economy–, with the size of the transport base and transport efficiency serving as the driving factors and transport pressure and epidemic shocks serving as significant influencing factors. Due to the fluctuations of the global pandemic, the coordination of the tourism system declines sharply in 2020, but recovers in 2021 as the pandemic progressively stabilises. Through this study, we can gain a better understanding of the relationship between the tourism economy and transport in Shaanxi and devise strategies and policies to support the development of sustainable transport and tourism systems.

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“…These needs are unlimited; they lay at the core of consumer choices and trigger the motivation to take steps aimed at addressing them [29]. In tourism, just like in other domains of human activity, these needs differ in nature and are determined by multiple factors [30] Other important determinants of consumer choice in tourism include the political situation and legal and environmental aspects, such as natural and ecological factors [31].…”

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confidence: 99%

An Empirical Assessment of Students’ Tourist Preferences during the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Gender Perspective: Evidence from Poland

Zawadka,

Uglis,

Kozera-Kowalska

et al. 2023

Sustainability

Self Cite

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The purpose of this research is to reveal the tourist preferences of students during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular focus on differences between genders. This study was carried out in January 2021 and relied on the CAWI technique with a questionnaire distributed on social media. The snowball method was used to reach a wider audience. Valid questionnaires were retrieved from 870 respondents, primarily women (66.8%). The results demonstrate that tourist activity was witnessed despite the pandemic, but it differed between men and women. The latter travelled more often and for longer periods, and they chose August and September from the summer months. Although most travelling students sought active recreation, female students more frequently decided to be less active or opted for passive leisure during their stays. Unlike men, women sought safety and therefore mostly opted for individual apartments or hotels; staying with family or friends was a much less popular scenario for them, primarily because they feared it could expose their loved ones to the virus. For the whole group covered by the survey, sanitary and epidemiological restrictions, the reduced availability of attractions in tourist destinations, and increased prices were the main inconveniences that they faced when travelling in 2020.

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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourist Travel Risk Perception and Travel Behaviour: A Case Study of Poland

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

Identifying the determinants of tourism receipts of Thailand and relevant determinant-determinant interactions

Identifying the determinants of tourism receipts of Thailand and relevant determinant-determinant interactions

Analysis of the Coordination Effects and Influencing Factors of Transportation and Tourism Development in Shaanxi Region

An Empirical Assessment of Students’ Tourist Preferences during the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Gender Perspective: Evidence from Poland

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