Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on individuals under treatment for substance use disorders: Risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes

Blithikioti, Chrysanthi; Nuño, Laura; Paniello, B.; Gual, Antoni; Miquel, Laia

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.006

Cited by 33 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…However, previous cross-sectional studies conducted during the pandemic confirmed a variable increase in the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in the general population. 70 , 72 , 79 , 80…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What can internet users' behaviours reveal about the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review

Gianfredi

Provenzano²,

Santangelo³

2021

Public Health

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Objectives At the end of 2019, an acute infectious pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in Wuhan, China, and subsequently spread around the world starting a pandemic. Globally, to date, there have been >118 million confirmed cases, including >2 million deaths. In this context, it has been shown that the psychological impact of the pandemic is important and that it can be associated with an increase in internet searches related to fear, anxiety, depression, as well as protective behaviours, health knowledge and even maladaptive behaviours. Study design This is a systematic review. Methods This review aims to collect, analyse and synthesise available evidence on novel data streams for surveillance purposes and/or their potential for capturing the public reaction to epidemic outbreaks, particularly focusing on mental health effects and emotions. Results At the end of the screening process, 19 articles were included in this systematic review. Our results show that the COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on internet searches for mental health of entire populations, which manifests itself in a significant increase of depressed, anxious and stressed internet users’ emotions. Conclusions Novel data streams can support public health experts and policymakers in establishing priorities and setting up long-term strategies to mitigate symptoms and tackle mental health disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What can internet users' behaviours reveal about the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review

Gianfredi

Provenzano²,

Santangelo³

2021

Public Health

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“…Demanding psychological aspects of the pandemic and lockdowns are evident. Major psychological stressors are driven by trauma exposure, levels of perceived stress and isolation, rendering risk factors for a deterioration of symptoms of depression and anxiety ( 12 ). An Italian study investigating psychopathological burden during the beginning of the pandemic found relatively high rates of depression, anxiety, irritability, and post-traumatic stress symptoms among patients with SUDs ( 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower perceived economic stability additionally promoted the risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms during the pandemic ( 15 ). Income reduction further elevates the risk for depression and anxiety ( 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since substance use often occurs in social contexts, a decrease in consumption for recreational users might be observed during lockdowns. However, regular substance use and more severe SUDs might probably increase ( 12 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies conducted in China and Italy during the initial stage of the pandemic, which were heavily affected areas, reported high rates of PTSD and psychological distress in the general population ( 26 , 27 ). For patients with SUDs during this ongoing pandemic, negative mental health consequences including higher levels of depression, anxiety, irritability, and post-traumatic stress symptoms have already been confirmed ( 10 , 12 , 26 ). The COVID-19 pandemic renders an additional major source of distress for patients in opioid substitution therapy (OST), who are already more vulnerable in respect to their mental and social health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of PTSD Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Patients in Opioid Substitution Treatment

et al. 2021

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Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of patients suffering from addictive disorders is of major concern. This study aimed to explore the presence and potential increase in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression, and anxiety since the beginning of the pandemic for patients in opioid substitution therapy (OST).Methods: This cross-sectional survey study evaluated a clinical sample of patients in OST (N = 123). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed by an adapted version of the impact of event scale (IES-R), resulting in two subgroups of low and high risk for PTSD. The depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was applied to collect data on the respective symptoms, and changes since the onset of the pandemic were reported on separate scales. Sociodemographic and COVID-19 related factors, as well as data on craving, consumption patterns, concomitant use, and the drug market were further assessed.Results: A binary logistic regression analysis confirmed the impact of self-perceived higher burden by psychological and economic factors on the elevated risk for PTSD due to the pandemic. The high-risk PTSD group also showed higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress, as well as a more pronounced deterioration in these symptoms since the pandemic. While reported levels of craving did not differ between the two groups, the high-risk PTSD group indicated a significantly higher increase in craving since the crisis, when compared to the low-risk group.Discussion: Our findings demonstrate elevated levels of clinical symptoms among patients in OST, with more than a quarter of patients found at risk for PTSD due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, about 30–50% of our patients reported concerning levels of depression, anxiety, or stress. Special attention should be drawn to these findings, and potential deterioration of the situation should be addressed by health care facilities. Particularly, psychological, and financial burden due to the crisis were identified as factors increasing the risk for PTSD. These factors can easily be evaluated during routine anamneses, and might be a valuable source of information, when special attention is needed.

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Psychological impact of COVID-19 containment on CADASIL patients

et al. 2023

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Introduction COVID-19 restrictive containment was responsible for major psychological distress and alteration of quality of life (QoL) in the general population. Their impact in a group of patients having cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and at high risk of stroke and disability was unknown. Objective We aimed to determine the potential psychological impact of strict containment during the COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of CADASIL patients, a rare SVD caused by NOTCH3 gene mutations. Methods Interviews of 135 CADASIL patients were obtained just after the end of the strict containment in France. Depression, QoL and negative subjective experience of the containment were analysed, as well as predictors of posttraumatic and stressor-related manifestations, defined as an Impact Event Scale-Revised score ≥ 24, using multivariable logistic analysis. Results Only 9% of patients showed a depressive episode. A similar proportion had significant posttraumatic and stressor-related disorder manifestations independently associated only with socio-environment factors, rather than clinical ones: living alone outside a couple (OR 7.86 (1.87–38.32), unemployment (OR 4.73 (1.17–18.70)) and the presence of 2 or more children at home (OR 6.34 (1.35–38.34). Conclusion Psychological impact of the containment was limited in CADASIL patients and did not appear related to the disease status. About 9% of patients presented with significant posttraumatic and stressor-related disorder manifestations which were predicted by living alone, unemployment, or exhaustion related to parental burden.

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Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on individuals under treatment for substance use disorders: Risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

What can internet users' behaviours reveal about the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review

What can internet users' behaviours reveal about the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic? A systematic review

Risk of PTSD Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Patients in Opioid Substitution Treatment

Psychological impact of COVID-19 containment on CADASIL patients

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