Impact of Cotyledon and Leaf Removal on Seedling Survival in Three Tree Species with Contrasting Cotyledon Functions1

Kitajima, Kaoru

doi:10.1646/02154

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our results were consistent with the findings of Kitajima (2003) and Jin et al (2009). Seedling growth reductions as a consequence of removal of cotyledons have been reported in soybean (Chin et al, 1977) and Quercus robur L. (Garcia-Cebrian et al, 2003).…”

Section: Effect Of Cotyledon Removal On Growth and Mycorrhizal Dependsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations and cotyledon removal on early seedling growth of Pongamia pinnata

Jha¹,

Kamalvanshi²,

Kumar³

et al. 2014

Turk J Bot

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Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre, a fast-growing oil-seed-producing tree legume, has the ability to grow on wastelands. It can be utilized for biofuel plantation on such lands. The preconditioning of young seedlings during the early stage of development with efficient arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) confers several benefits enhancing the possibility of their establishment in fields after outplanting from nurseries. However, before recommending these fungi for inoculation, the suitable AMF species must be identified. Therefore, to determine the potential AMF species, 9 purified fungi (isolated from different sites) were tested for their growth promotion activity. The inoculated fungi were not able to increase seedling growth. Some fungi reduced growth, which was attributed to more utilization of carbon by fungal symbiont. Development of fine roots was delayed up to 30 days after sowing and hence their colonization by AMF inoculants. This could be due to the large amount of nutrients stored in cotyledons of large P. pinnata seeds. Removal of cotyledons significantly reduced seedling growth and plants showed some extent of dependency on AMF inoculants. Thus, it was concluded that AMF inoculations should enhance biomass of P. pinnata only after depletion of metabolic reserves in its cotyledons and such mycorrhizal seedlings can be utilized for biofuel plantation.

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Section: Effect Of Cotyledon Removal On Growth and Mycorrhizal Dependsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations and cotyledon removal on early seedling growth of Pongamia pinnata

Jha¹,

Kamalvanshi²,

Kumar³

et al. 2014

Turk J Bot

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“…Our results showed that after cutting the distal end of cotyledons, the level of carbohydrates, total soluble phenolic compounds, and the content of the main elements carbon and nitrogen in leaves or roots of the young seedlings, were not affected at the end of the growing season. Carbon supplies from cotyledons and other carbohydrate reserves in some tropical tree species enhanced the ability of seedlings to cope with herbivores and disease (Kitajima 2003). The lack of significant changes we observed in levels of the main metabolites is very advantageous for seedling producers, because the seedlings from damaged acorns would have an ability to defend themselves against herbivores and diseases similar to that of the controls.…”

Section: Biological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Consequences of cutting off distal ends of cotyledons of Quercus robur acorns before sowing

Giertych

Suszka

2011

Annals of Forest Science

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& Background Production of seedlings, especially in containers, requires simultaneous germination and emergence. Mechanical scarification often speeds up the growth of embryo axes, increases the percentage of germinating seeds and seedling emergence. Cutting off the distal ends of cotyledons is a mechanical scarification technique sometimes used in the container production of oak seedlings. However the consequences of this procedure for seedling development are little known. We wanted to determine these effects on development and metabolic changes of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) seedlings. & Results The majority of seedlings from acorns with cut cotyledons emerged two weeks earlier, more simultaneously and their total emergence (due to rejecting spoiled acorns) was ca. 20% higher. The main result is that the strong damage to cotyledons (more than one fifth of acorn mass) caused a decrease of seedling height and mass even after the second growing season. Negative consequences on seedling root/ shoot ratio or on their metabolism were not observed. & Conclusion We conclude that this method is useful for seedling production in containers when acorn mass is reduced by one fifth.

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“…When the green cotyledons were cut partially, plant growth was suppressed in proportion to the degree of the cut compared with the intact plants (Ikeda and Kiso, 1981). It is certain that cotyledons play an important role in seedling development (Kitajima, 2003;Hanley and May, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In soybean, the green cotyledons play an important role after emergence because the cotyledons not only have a storage-mobilizing function but also assimilate energy through photosynthesis (Harris et al, 1986;Brown and Huber, 1987;Marek and Stewart, 1992;Ramana et al, 2003;Kitajima, 2003;Hanley and May, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008). Zheng et al (2011) insisted that the cotyledons provide a major proportion of the assimilation needed for seedling growth until the first true leaf becomes a significant exporter of photosynthate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Varietal Difference in Early Vegetative Growth during Seedling Stage in Soybean

Fatichin

Zheng

Arima

2013

Plant Production Science

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Rapid development after emergence is important for seedling establishment and early vegetative growth, especially at a low planting density or inferior environmental conditions. This study was conducted to understand the varietal difference in the growth parameters during the seedling stage in soybean. Twenty-seven soybean varieties originating from six countries were examined in 2009 and 2010. The pots were arranged in a completely random block design with 5 replications (10 pots per variety), and the seedlings were sampled at 14 and 28 days after sowing (DAS). The shoot dry weight at 14 and 28 DAS was highly correlated with seed size, cotyledon digestion, and leaf area. However, no positive correlation was found between shoot dry weight and photosynthetic rate at 28 DAS. Chamame, a Japanese cultivar, with the largest seed size grew rapidly, and showed the heaviest shoot dry weight, greatest cotyledon digestion, fast leaf expansion and high photosynthetic rate. However, Moyashimame, a medium-seed-size cultivar, also grew rapidly with a high photosynthetic rate. Some varieties such as Tachinagaha (Japan), Hefeng (China), Parana and Pérola (Brazil), had a large or medium seed size, and high photosynthetic rate but showed a relatively small leaf area and light shoot dry weight. These results suggested that big seeds with rapid cotyledon digestion developed a wider leaf area and therefore large dry matter production, indicating that the conversion of stored energy was more important than the leaf photosynthetic activity for early growth.

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Impact of Cotyledon and Leaf Removal on Seedling Survival in Three Tree Species with Contrasting Cotyledon Functions1

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations and cotyledon removal on early seedling growth of Pongamia pinnata

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations and cotyledon removal on early seedling growth of Pongamia pinnata

Consequences of cutting off distal ends of cotyledons of Quercus robur acorns before sowing

Varietal Difference in Early Vegetative Growth during Seedling Stage in Soybean

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