Impact of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles on the Earth’s ionosphere and atmosphere

Velinov, P.; Asenovski, Simeon; Kudela, K.; Laštovička, Jan; Mateev, L. N.; Mishev, Alexander; Tonev, P.T.

doi:10.1051/swsc/2013036

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…GCRs and GSFs) showed significantand clear characterization. The GCRs showed a continuous variation with time while the GSFs showed a small scale block variations with time in all the 8,808 hourly events in 2004.Thesevariations are in agreement with some authors [56,57,58,59]. Some of the variation results show no GCRs detection: Fig.1 identified January (at ~2.36 and 4.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Solar Modulation on Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere

Umahi¹

2016

IOSR

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Solar Modulation on Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere

Umahi¹

2016

IOSR

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“…5. As was expected the maximal ionization effect is observed in a low rigidity cut-off region, similarly to several previous work [12,13,15,16], namely at polar and sub-polar regions (Figs. 2 and 3).…”

Section: Pos(icrc2017)075supporting

confidence: 92%

“…That's why after receiving the initial results [5][6][7][8][9] were made calculations taking into account all nuclear reactions [10][11][12]. One possible tool is based on Monte Carlo simulation of the cascade process in the atmosphere, precisely the energy deposit and afterwards the estimation of ion pair production.…”

Section: Previous Computations For Ionization In Strato-troposphere Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One possible tool is based on Monte Carlo simulation of the cascade process in the atmosphere, precisely the energy deposit and afterwards the estimation of ion pair production. CORSIKA (Cosmic Ray Simulations for Kaskade) code is one of the most widely used in the last years simulation code [11,12]. By means of CORSIKA 6.52 program using FLUKA 2006 and QGSJET II hadronic interaction subroutines it was determined the induced ionization in atmosphere during some important GLEs, f.e.…”

Section: Previous Computations For Ionization In Strato-troposphere Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cosmic ray ionization effect in the atmosphere during the maximal GLE05 − on 23.02.1956

Velinov¹,

Balabin²,

Маурчев³

2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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The ground level enhancements (GLEs) due to solar cosmic rays (SCRs) are of significant astrophysical, cosmophysical and geophysical interest for a number of planetary processes on the Earth. In the present work the ionization rate profiles in the Earth's atmosphere during the outstanding ground level enhancement GLE05 on 23 February 1956, the largest one in the entire history of observations of SCRs, are obtained. The contribution of the galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) is also taken into account. The ionization in the atmosphere is calculated using the energetic spectra of solar protons, GCRs and the corresponding atmospheric cascade simulation. The spectra of solar cosmic rays are derived on the basis of ground-based measurements with neutron monitors. This method is based on solving the inverse problem -reconstruction of SCR spectrum on the boundary of the magnetosphere. The contemporary magnetosphere model "Tsyganenko 01 and 03" is used in this method. The calculation of asymptotic cones (AK) held with increments of 0.001 GV in the range of 1-20 GV. The aforementioned method is developed in the Polar Geophysical Institute (in Apatity) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Recent simulations with RUSCOSMICS software package (based on GEANT4 program of CERN) are carried out. The energy deposit of solar protons and GCRs in the atmosphere is received. The ion production rate profiles in the stratosphere and troposphere (the region 0-40 km) are calculated for geomagnetic cut-off rigidities 1, 2, 3 and 5 GV (i.e. polar, subpolar, higher and middle latitudes, respectively). The so obtained ionization profiles are compared and thoroughly discussed. Implementations of these results are also debated. The obtained results are important for the improvement of the recent models of cosmic ray induced ionization in the whole atmosphere, for the determination of electron and ion density in the middle and lower atmosphere (troposphere), for the various atmospheric processes (as for instance in atmospheric chemistry and physicsozone production, global electric circuit between the ground and ionosphere), for the studies of solar-terrestrial influences on space weather and space climate) and for many other applications.

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“…In particular, the ion production rate at different atmospheric layers estimated in this study is a quantity that is strongly related to the deposition rate of energy at each altitude and, hence, with the further ionization and dissociative ionization processes of individual constituents. Whereas the effects of galactic cosmic rays and SEPs can be very strong locally in the polar cap regions of the Earth, affecting the physical-chemical and electrical properties of the ionosphere and atmosphere at these regions (Velinov et al, 2013), on Venus their actual impact is expected to expand over the whole dayside atmosphere. Therefore, during the planning of future missions to Venus and the determination of observation strategies, the expected space weather conditions and their variability on different timescales have to be taken into account.…”

Section: Considerations In the Context Of Planetary Space Weather In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In the context of planetary space weather, we estimate the ion production rates in the Venusian atmosphere due to the interactions of solar energetic particles (SEPs) with gas. The assumed concept for our estimations is based on two cases of SEP events, previously observed in near-Earth space: the event in October 1989 and the event in May 2012. For both cases, we assume that the directional properties of the flux and the interplanetary magnetic field configuration would have allowed the SEPs' arrival at Venus and their penetration to the planet's atmosphere. For the event in May 2012, we consider the solar particle properties (integrated flux and rigidity spectrum) obtained by the Neutron Monitor Based Anisotropic GLE Pure Power Law (NMBANGLE PPOLA) model (Plainaki et al., 2010) applied previously for the Earth case and scaled to the distance of Venus from the Sun. For the simulation of the actual cascade in the Venusian atmosphere initiated by the incoming particle fluxes, we apply the DYASTIMA code, a Monte Carlo (MC) application based on the Geant4 software (Paschalis et al., 2014). Our predictions are afterwards compared to other estimations derived from previous studies and discussed. Finally, we discuss the differences between the nominal ionization profile due to galactic cosmic-ray-atmosphere interactions and the profile during periods of intense solar activity, and we show the importance of understanding space weather conditions on Venus in the context of future mission preparation and data interpretation.

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Impact of cosmic rays and solar energetic particles on the Earth’s ionosphere and atmosphere

Cited by 38 publications

References 85 publications

Solar Modulation on Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere

Solar Modulation on Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere

Cosmic ray ionization effect in the atmosphere during the maximal GLE05 − on 23.02.1956

Solar energetic particle interactions with the Venusian atmosphere

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