Impact of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Enhancement of Bioactive Compounds Using Cell Suspension Cultures of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br

Abstract

Gymnema sylvestre is a plant that is enriched in bioactive compounds. In particular, gymnemic acids (GA) and phenolic compounds (PC) are pharmaceutically important. There is a commercial demand for naturally occurring bioactive compounds, but their availability is limited due to geographical and seasonal variations. The elicitation approach can enhance the biosynthesis of phytochemicals during in vitro culture of G. sylvestre. Here, to further improve gymnemic acid II (GA II) and phenolic compounds (PC) production by G. sylvestre, cell suspension cultures (CSC), which has attracted attention for the production of essential phytochemicals, was explored using copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). Callus was obtained on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, kinetin, phytoagar, and sucrose. Agar-free MS medium was used to initiate CSC, which was treated with three concentrations of CuO NPs (1, 3 or 5 mg/L). Treatment for 48 h with 3 mg/L CuO NPs resulted in the greatest yields of GA II, total phenolics, and flavonoids. The cultures also displayed pronounced antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. The use of CuO NPs (3 mg/L) significantly increased the production of GA II (nine-fold) and PC compared to unamended CSC. We propose that CSC and use of nanoparticles (NPs) as a new generation of elicitors, offer a suitable prospect for the production of bioactive compounds.

Exploring potential of copper and silver nano particles to establish efficient callogenesis and regeneration system for wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)

“…48 Besides, CuNPs and AgNPs are also employed for production of pharmacologically important phenolics, flavonoids, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and antioxidants from callus and suspension culture of plants. 40,49 Nonetheless, application of nanotechnology in plant tissue culture and biotechnology is controversial and has not been fully recognized, as both positive and negative results are reviewed in literature. 50 Reports on comparative effects of CuSO 4 , AgNO 3 , CuNPs and AgNPs along with plant growth regulators on tissue culture responses of wheat are rare.…”

Nano-Elicitation as an Effective and Emerging Strategy for In Vitro Production of Industrially Important Flavonoids

“…CuONPs upregulated the transcription of genes associated with oxidative stress, therefore enhancing the phytochemical profile of B. rapa seedlings [55]. The cell suspension culture of Gymnema sylvestre when elicited with CuONPs (25-55 nm) resulted in a 2-fold increase in TPC and TFC [56]. Similarly, a higher TFC (9.450 and 12.878 mg QE g −1 extract) in the shoots and roots of Cichorium intybus was observed upon nano-elicitation with CuONPs 20 days after treatment [57].…”

Designer nanoparticles for plant cell culture systems: Mechanisms of elicitation and harnessing of specialized metabolites

“…Cell culture TPC and TFC [69] 24 Bacopa monnieri L. Cell culture Bacoside A [70] <50 Linum usitatissimum L. Cell culture Mucilage [24] N/D Cichorium intybus L. Hairy roots TPC and TFC [15] 15-25 Hypericum perforatum Cell culture Hypericin and hyperforin [19] CuONPs 25-55 Gymnema sylvestre Cell culture Gymnemic acid II [71] 25-55 Brassica rapa Hairy roots Glucosinolates [72] 47…”