Impact of confinement on the reduction of pollution and particulate matter concentrations. Reflections for public transport policies.

Abstract

We use official data from the Chilean Government's National Air Quality Information System (SINCA) for the Metropolitan Region of Santiago and estimate the impact of COVID-19 confinement on the variation in concentration levels of particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10. We also measured the impact on the variation of NOx levels. All three pollutants are related to the transport sector. We found that overall, there is a significant difference between the average concentration levels of particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 reported in 2019 and 2020. As well as the concentration levels of NOx, in the periods, indicated. In particular, we found that, for the months of total confinement, May-July, monthly average levels decreased between 7% and 19% for particulate matter PM2.5; between 18% and 50% for particulate matter PM10 and between 34% and 48% for NOx gas. These results represent the maximum indirect impact that can be expected in reducing the concentration levels of these pollutants as a result of an eventual transport policy aimed at reducing the concentration levels of PM2.5, PM10, and NOx in the city of Santiago de Chile.

CO2 Emission Reduction Best Practice Option during BisKita Implementation in Bogor City

“…This control can be carried out on vehicles that are old and not fit for use limits vehicle age, safety, and emission control. Implementing this policy can also be sanctioned by the destruction or blackening of vehicles that are no longer eligible for emissions if the vehicle owner cannot pay emission taxes, according to the provisions [28]. The application of an angkot as a feeder for transportation only in the city center (BisKita) needs to pay attention to the age of the vehicle so that the operating angkot can be more suitable for users.…”