Impact of Comorbidity Prevalence and Cardiovascular Disease Status on the Efficacy and Safety of Nebulized Glycopyrrolate in Patients with COPD

Abstract

Purpose Patients with COPD often have multiple coexisting comorbidities, affecting quality of life, morbidity and mortality. However, the prevalence and impact of comorbidities on the efficacy of bronchodilators in COPD is poorly understood. Patients and Methods In this post hoc analysis, pooled data from the 12-week, placebo-controlled GOLDEN 3 and 4 studies of nebulized glycopyrrolate (GLY) in individuals with moderate-to-very-severe COPD were used to quantify comorbidities and assess their impact on treatment efficacy and safety. Results Comorbidities that were most prevalent in the GOLDEN 3 and 4 study population were hypertension, high cholesterol and osteoarthritis. Participants were grouped based on their pre-specified comorbidity count into Group A (≤2 comorbidities; n=439) and Group B (>2 comorbidities; n=854). Treatment with GLY resulted in significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total scores, independent of comorbidity prevalence. A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidities was observed among individuals in Group B, compared with Group A. In a sub-analysis based on prevalence of CVD, treatment with GLY resulted in significant FEV 1 improvements independent of CVD prevalence, although values were numerically higher in the CVD group. GLY also led to higher improvements in SGRQ scores in the CVD group. GLY was well tolerated regardless of comorbidity or CVD prevalence, with a lower incidence of serious adverse events compared with placebo. Conclusion A simple comorbidity count demonstrated that a majority of patients with COPD in the GOLDEN 3 and 4 studies had multiple comorbidities, with CVD being common in those with high comorbidity count. Results from this post hoc analysis demonstrate that GLY improved FEV 1 and SGRQ scores in individuals with COPD, independent of their comorbidities or CVD status.

Precision medicine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: how far have we come?

“…Patients with COPD typically have a number of other comorbid diseases, with hypertension, arthritis and cardiovascular disease being the most common [38]. Strategies that address polymorbidity in COPD patients need to be developed and implemented.…”

Approaches to predicting life expectancy in elderly coronary artery disease patients with comorbid conditions

“…Глобальною проблемою в сучасному світі, на якій наголошують системи охорони здоров'я, є поліморбідність [1,2]. Поліморбідність і коморбідні стани особливо характерні для людей старшого віку.…”