Impact of cognitive-behavioral interventions on weight loss and psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis.

Jacob, Ariane; Moullec, Grégory; Lavoie, Kim; Laurin, Catherine; Cowan, Tovah; Tisshaw, Cameron; Kazazian, Christina; Raddatz, Candace; Bacon, Simon

doi:10.1037/hea0000576

Cited by 79 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…To augment the results of the database search, the reference lists of included studies and previous relevant reviews will be searched 9 16 24–27 29…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to generate a comprehensive understanding of the impact of weight management programmes on mental health as the benefits of improvements in one domain may be undermined by negative impacts on other domains. Previous reviews have also excluded participants with any concurrent disease or clinical psychopathology to constrain the search or to exclude illnesses associated with unintentional weight changes 16 29. However, it is uncommon for an individual with overweight or obesity to be without any concurrent disease or clinical psychopathology due to the greatly increased risk of a wide range of comorbidities,8 therefore, exclusion of these participants limits the representativeness of findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of adult weight management interventions on mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

et al. 2020

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IntroductionThe effects of interventions targeting weight loss on physical health are well described, yet the evidence for mental health is less clear. It is essential to better understand the impact of weight management interventions on mental health to optimise care and minimise risk of harm. We will assess the effect of behavioural weight management interventions on mental health in adults with overweight and obesity.Methods and analysisThe systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance. We will include behavioural weight management interventions with a diet and/or physical activity component focusing on weight loss for adults with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs will be the only eligible study designs. Outcomes of interest will be related to mental health. The following databases were searched from inception to 07 May 2019: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane database (CENTRAL), PsycINFO, ASSIA, AMED and CINAHL. The search strategy was based on four concepts: (1) adults, defined as ≥18 years, with overweight/obesity, defined as BMI ≥25kg/m², (2) weight management interventions, (3) mental health outcomes and (4) study design. The search was restricted to English-language published papers, with no other restrictions applied. Two stage screening for eligibility will be completed by two independent reviewers, with two independent reviewers completing data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Data permitting, a random-effects meta-analysis of outcomes, subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be conducted. If not appropriate, narrative synthesis and ‘levels of evidence’ assessment will be completed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected. The completed systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal, at conferences and contribute towards the lead author’s PhD thesis.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019131659.

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“…To augment the results of the database search, the reference lists of included studies and previous relevant reviews will be searched 9 16 24–27 29…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of adult weight management interventions on mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

et al. 2020

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“…To date, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recognized as the best established treatment for obesity (for review see Brennan et al, 2014;Castelnuovo et al, 2017;Jacob et al, 2018) and obesity coupled with BED (for review see Duchesne et al, 2007;Palavras et al, 2017). In regard to emotional eating, the efficacy of CBT has been revealed to be superior to other interventions [cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In regard to emotional eating, the efficacy of CBT has been revealed to be superior to other interventions [cf. review of Jacob et al (2018)]. However, the low magnitude of the differences at the emotional level together with the modest efficacy in maintaining long-term weight loss (Cooper et al, 2010) and binge eating reduction (Juarascio et al, 2017;Palavras et al, 2017), indicate the need for improved interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Comorbid Obesity With Binge Eating Disorder: A Pilot Study of Feasibility and Long-Term Outcomes

et al. 2020

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Obesity coupled with binge eating disorder (BED) is an increasing problem. Incorporation of treatment strategies that address both problems in people with comorbid symptoms is of major interest. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and preliminary long-term outcomes of a brief emotion-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (EF-CBT) program. Seven out of 10 women with obesity and BED completed the intervention. Standardized outcome measures to assess the intensity of distress caused by complaints, psychological distress, emotional processing, eating behavior, and weight loss were completed at baseline, end-of-treatment, 6-and 18-month followups. Individualized outcome measures were also applied to describe the personal experiences during the intervention. Findings suggest the program's long-term efficacy for improving psychological distress, emotional processing, and alexithymia. Positive reliable changes in emotional processing and alexithymia were observed in almost all participants. The mean intensity of distress caused by complaints also decreased at the end of the intervention, with a large effect size (d = 0.89). Reliable changes in these outcome measures were observed at all time-points, despite the mean scores for the 18-month follow-up suggest a retraction in improvement. Weight loss was below expectations at all time-points, as were changes in emotional and external eating. Restrained eating mean scores remained stable throughout the study. Participants perceived the program to be useful in improving emotional awareness and eating control. Program feasibility was supported by the retention rate (70%) and the average number of attended sessions (M = 9.71; SD = 2.06). Further studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of EF-CBT interventions.

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“…At present, it is unlikely that this would be readily translated to general practice, but discussion is ongoing. For general weight management in those with established type 2 diabetes there is evidence that most dietary interventions are effective [ 20 ], that differences in outcomes between different strategies are small and insignificant [ 21 – 23 ], and that behavioural interventions increase efficacy [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Components Of Dietary Advicementioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Guide to Delivering Nutritional Advice to People with Diabetes

Dyson

2019

Diabetes Ther

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Dietary advice is fundamental to the management of diabetes. Although ideally such advice should be delivered by a state-registered dietitian, it is more usually delivered by other health professionals. The primary focus for those with type 1 diabetes is carbohydrate counting and insulin adjustment and for the majority of people with type 2 diabetes, weight management is key. Patient-centred care is emphasised for the delivery of dietary advice. It is widely recognised that knowledge alone is not sufficient to induce behaviour change and practical approaches to a variety of behavioural interventions are discussed.

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Impact of cognitive-behavioral interventions on weight loss and psychological outcomes: A meta-analysis.

Cited by 79 publications

References 52 publications

Impact of adult weight management interventions on mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Impact of adult weight management interventions on mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Emotion-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Comorbid Obesity With Binge Eating Disorder: A Pilot Study of Feasibility and Long-Term Outcomes

A Practical Guide to Delivering Nutritional Advice to People with Diabetes

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