Impact of Co-Infections in Lyme Disease

Stinco, Giuseppe; Bergamo, Serena

doi:10.2174/1874372201610010055

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Lyme disease and its associated co-infections, including Babesia and Bartonella, are increasingly being reported in the medical literature as potential overlapping factors leading to chronic resistant symptomatology [14,38,39,63,73,234,235], where combination antibiotics effectively relieve tick-borne infection (TBI) symptoms, with good patient tolerance [236]. Our three patients with Borrelia, Bartonella, and/or Babesia, described in these case reports, all had excellent outcomes with short-term combination antibiotics, using pulsed persister drug regimens with biofilm agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review

Horowitz,

Fallon,

Freeman

2024

Microorganisms

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Three patients with relapsing and remitting borreliosis, babesiosis, and bartonellosis, despite extended anti-infective therapy, were prescribed double-dose dapsone combination therapy (DDDCT) for 8 weeks, followed by one or several two-week courses of pulsed high-dose dapsone combination therapy (HDDCT). We discuss these patients’ cases to illustrate three important variables required for long-term remission. First, diagnosing and treating active co-infections, including Babesia and Bartonella were important. Babesia required rotations of multiple anti-malarial drug combinations and herbal therapies, and Bartonella required one or several 6-day HDDCT pulses to achieve clinical remission. Second, all prior oral, intramuscular (IM), and/or intravenous (IV) antibiotics used for chronic Lyme disease (CLD)/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS), irrespective of the length of administration, were inferior in efficacy to short-term pulsed biofilm/persister drug combination therapy i.e., dapsone, rifampin, methylene blue, and pyrazinamide, which improved resistant fatigue, pain, headaches, insomnia, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Lastly, addressing multiple factors on the 16-point multiple systemic infectious disease syndrome (MSIDS) model was important in achieving remission. In conclusion, DDDCT with one or several 6–7-day pulses of HDDCT, while addressing abnormalities on the 16-point MSIDS map, could represent a novel effective clinical and anti-infective strategy in CLD/PTLDS and associated co-infections including Bartonella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review

Horowitz,

Fallon,

Freeman

2024

Microorganisms

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“…Several studies in various regions have documented the co-infection of multiple tick-borne pathogens ( Hersh et al., 2014 ). Co-infection of multiple tick-borne diseases becomes an emerging problem since the interaction of these pathogens may affect the severity and duration of symptoms in humans, making diagnosis and treatment more challenging ( Hersh et al., 2014 , Stinco and Bergamo, 2016 , Thompson et al., 2001 ). For example, simultaneous Lyme disease and human babesiosis is shown to be correlated with a more severe clinical progression and persistent symptoms than either condition alone ( Adelson et al., 2004 , Diuk-Wasser et al., 2016 , Hersh et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Co-infection Of Ixodes Tick-borne Pathogementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Lyme disease transmission

Lou

2017

Infectious Disease Modelling

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Lyme disease, a typical tick-borne disease, imposes increasing global public health challenges. A growing body of theoretical models have been proposed to better understand various factors determining the disease risk, which not only enrich our understanding on the ecological cycle of disease transmission but also promote new theoretical developments on model formulation, analysis and simulation. In this paper, we provide a review about the models and results we have obtained recently on modeling and analyzing Lyme disease transmission, with the purpose to highlight various aspects in the ecological cycle of disease transmission to be incorporated, including the growth of ticks with different stages in the life cycle, the seasonality, host diversity, spatial disease pattern due to host short distance movement and bird migration, co-infection with other tick-borne pathogens, and climate change impact.

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“…Children with PANS often have elevations in antineuronal antibodies against lysoganglioside [32], tubulin [33], and dopamine receptors [34][35][36], as well as activation of calcium Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) [37]. CaMKII alters dopamine pathways, which in turn can lead to neuropsychiatric symptoms [37,38] In fact, it is likely that the preponderance of patients with persistent symptoms of Lyme disease despite treatment for B. burgdorferi have coinfections [57][58][59][60][61]. Coinfection of ticks is now "the rule rather than the exception", as highlighted by Moutailler, et al [62] who found that coinfections occurred in almost half of all infected Ixodes ticks in the French Ardennes; single ticks had up to fi ve diff erent pathogens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Does Lyme Disease Cause PANS?

Kinderlehrer¹

2021

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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In 1994, Susan Swedo and colleagues described children who developed mental health issues following infection with Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections, and in a subsequent report coined the term Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) [1,2]. In short order it was discovered that multiple microbes have the potential of triggering mental health issues in children and adolescents, and the nomenclature was updated to Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) [3]. The microbes that thus far have been associated with PANS include herpes simplex virus, influenza A virus, varicella virus, HIV, recurrent sinusitis, Epstein-Barr virus, the common cold, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bartonella henselae [4-6].

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Impact of Co-Infections in Lyme Disease

Abstract: Lyme disease is one of the most frequent tick-borne diseases worldwide, it can be multi-systemic and insidious, in particular when it shows a chronic course.

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review

Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review

Modeling Lyme disease transmission

Does Lyme Disease Cause PANS?

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