Impact of Co-Delivery of EGCG and Tuna Oil within a Broccoli Matrix on Human Gut Microbiota, Phenolic Metabolites and Short Chain Fatty Acids In Vitro

Abstract

(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and tuna oil (TO) are beneficial bioactive compounds. EGCG, TO or a combination of, delivered by broccoli by-products (BBP), were added to an in vitro anaerobic fermentation system containing human fecal inocula to examine their ability to generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), metabolize EGCG and change the gut microbiota population (assessed by 16 S gene sequencing). Following 24 h fermentation, EGCG was hydrolyzed to (-)-epigallocatechin and gallic acid. EGCG significantly inhibited the production of SCFA (p < 0.05). Total SCFA in facal slurries with BBP or TO-BBP (48–49 µmol/mL) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the negative control with cellulose (21 µmol/mL). EGCG-BBP and TO-EGCG-BBP treatment increased the relative abundance of Gluconacetobacter, Klebsiella and Trabulsiella. BBP and TO-BBP showed the greatest potential for improving gut health with the growth promotion of high butyrate producers, including Collinsella aerofaciens, Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus reuteri.

Prebiotic galactooligosaccharide improves piglet growth performance and intestinal health associated with alterations of the hindgut microbiota during the peri-weaning period

“…Isolated F. saccharivorans produces enzymes that break down sugars, including α- and β-galactosidases [ 48 ], with end metabolites such as acetate, formate, lactate, and succinic acid. Collinsella aerofaciens , of the phylum Actinobacteriota, is a butyrate producer that has been correlated with increased propionate and butyrate production in vivo [ 49 ]. A similar amount of microbiota decreased relative abundance in NG+ pigs compared to NG–, with shifts of comparable magnitudes, such as A. rectalis from the family Lachnospiraceae.…”

Advances in research on the effectiveness and mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas for colitis-associated colorectal cancer

“…After SND treatment, the abundance of Bacteroides fragilis decreased, whereas the abundance of beneficial bacteria including Bacillus coagulans, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bifidobacterium increased. Bacillus coagulans is the producer of hyperbutyrate (Shi et al, 2022), and Lactobacillus gasseri and Akkermansia muciniphila also belong to the butyric acid-producing bacteria. Bifidobacterium is a lactic acid-producing probiotic that can also work with other microorganisms to increase the rate of butyrate production (Rivière et al, 2015).…”