Impact of Climate Variability on the Use and Exposure of Pesticides in Sugarcane Production in Malawi

Donga, Trust Kasambala; Meadow, Richard; Sitaula, Bishal K.; Eklo, Ole Martin

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37537-9_9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, the evolution of insect resistance to these proteins poses a major limitation, necessitating strategies like high-dose expression and refuge areas to delay resistance development. Implementing biological control methods can be economically and practically challenging (Donga et al, 2020). For instance, the mass production and field application of natural enemies or entomopathogens require substantial investment and infrastructure.…”

Section: Challenges and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in temperature, humidity, and precipitation patterns can affect the life cycles, distribution, and interactions of both pests and their natural enemies. For example, the effectiveness of control methods for pests like Eldana saccharina in South Africa is influenced by temperature variations (Donga et al, 2020). Therefore, it is crucial to study the potential impacts of climate change on BC agents and develop adaptive strategies to ensure their continued effectiveness under changing environmental conditions (Silva et al, 2019).…”

Section: Emerging Technologies To Aid Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Biological Control Methods for Managing Sugarcane Insects

Zhou

2024

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The objective of this systematic review is to explore recent advances in biological control methods for managing sugarcane insect pests and to evaluate their role in integrated pest management (IPM). By synthesizing current research, this review highlights key biological control agents and their efficacy against major sugarcane insect pests, emphasizing classical, augmentative, and conservation strategies. Classical biological control approaches focus on the introduction of exotic natural enemies, such as parasitoids and predators, which have shown significant success in managing pests like the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis) and root borer (Diaprepes abbreviatus). Augmentative strategies involve mass rearing and periodic release of natural enemies like Trichogramma spp. and Cotesia flavipes, which have proven effective in reducing pest populations. Conservation biological control emphasizes habitat management practices that enhance the survival and efficacy of native and introduced natural enemies. Furthermore, microbial control agents such as entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana), bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis), and viruses are gaining prominence in sugarcane pest management due to their specificity and environmental safety. This review provides insights into the potential of these biological control methods in sustainable sugarcane pest management and underscores the importance of integrating them into broader IPM frameworks.

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Section: Challenges and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emerging Technologies To Aid Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Biological Control Methods for Managing Sugarcane Insects

Zhou

2024

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“…Sadly, children do a large share of tobacco growing and are among those who develop green tobacco sickness. As tobacco is a monocrop, it requires increased pesticide use and ranks number one for pesticide usage in Malawi, many of these are harmful and banned in some countries, however, farmers are using them with little personal protective equipment [111,113] and there are environmental residues from the pesticides [114]. Pesticides were reported as the leading cause of poisoning in Queen Elizabeth hospital in Malawi, and 79% of self-poisoning cases involved pesticides [115].…”

Section: Plos Global Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of higher-income countries on child health in lower-income countries from a climate change perspective. A case study of the UK and Malawi

Hannah,

Etter-Phoya,

Lopez

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Climate change is the number one threat to child health according to the World Health Organisation. It increases existing inequalities, and lower-income countries are disproportionately affected. This is unjust. Higher-income countries have contributed and continue to contribute more to climate change than lower-income countries. This has been recognised by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, which has ruled that states can be held responsible if their carbon emissions harm child rights both within and outside their jurisdiction. Nevertheless, there are few analyses of the bilateral relationship between higher- and lower-income countries concerning climate change. This article uses the UK and Malawi as a case study to illustrate higher-income countries’ impact on child health in lower-income countries. It aims to assist higher-income countries in developing more targeted policies. Children in Malawi can expect more food insecurity and reduced access to clean water, sanitation, and education. They will be more exposed to heat stress, droughts, floods, air pollution and life-threatening diseases, such as malaria. In 2019, 5,000 Malawian children died from air pollution (17% of under-five deaths). The UK needs to pay its ‘fair share’ of climate finance and ensure adaptation is prioritised for lower-income countries. It can advocate for more equitable and transparent allocation of climate finance to support the most vulnerable countries. Additionally, the UK can act domestically to curtail revenue losses in Malawi and other lower-income countries, which would free up resources for adaptation. In terms of mitigation, the UK must increase its nationally determined commitments by 58% to reach net zero and include overseas emissions. Land use, heating systems and renewable energy must be reviewed. It must mandate comprehensive scope three emission reporting for companies to include impacts along their value chain, and support businesses, multinational corporations, and banks to reach net zero.

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“…It is necessary to understand that sorption, degradation, and volatilization are fundamentally governed by the action of climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation (Donga et al, 2020;Resende et al, 2022), the characteristics of the pesticide and its type of application, the nature of the soil, and the processes that take place in it (Zhang et al, 2021). On the other hand, the physicochemical properties of the soil that can determine the behavior of pesticides are texture, pH, organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (Vryzas, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in soils of a vulnerable area from an aquifer in Northern Colombia

Pinto

Vergara-Flórez

Marrugo‐Negrete

2023

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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The Morroa aquifer, which is an essential source of water supply in Sucre, Colombia, with more than 500,000 users, may be at risk because of pesticide contamination that comes from different agricultural activities. The aim of this research was to evaluate the relationship between the presence of pesticides and the physicochemical properties of soils in the most vulnerable areas of the Morroa aquifer. Therefore, farmers were surveyed about pesticide usage and soil samples which were taken for analysis of pesticide and physicochemical properties. The results demonstrated that soils in these areas were relatively homogeneous in terms of texture, pH, cation exchange capacity and organic matter content. Pesticides detected in these soils were malathion, β-BCH, p-p’DDE, m-p’DDD, p-p’DDT, endosulfan, endrincetone, chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, endosulfan-sulfate, heptachlor-epoxide, and parathion. Physicochemical properties such as pH and texture of soils and intrinsic characteristics of the pesticide were found as the most influential variables according to statistical results. This study also presents a map of the spatial distribution of pesticide concentration according to the concentration of pesticides, which constitutes an important tool for the planning of agricultural activities that supports decision-making and the implementation of measures to mitigate potential impacts caused by pesticide pollution.

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Impact of Climate Variability on the Use and Exposure of Pesticides in Sugarcane Production in Malawi

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

Advances in Biological Control Methods for Managing Sugarcane Insects

Advances in Biological Control Methods for Managing Sugarcane Insects

Impact of higher-income countries on child health in lower-income countries from a climate change perspective. A case study of the UK and Malawi

Organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in soils of a vulnerable area from an aquifer in Northern Colombia

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