Impact of chromium histidinate on high fat diet induced obesity in rats

Abstract

BackgroundChromium (Cr) is an essential trace element that has garnered interest for use as a weight loss aid, but its molecular mechanism in obesity is not clear. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the effects of chromium histidinate (CrHis) on glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65) and the oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxynonenal adducts (HNE) expressions in liver of rats fed high fat diet (HFD).MethodsMale Wistar rats (n = 40, 8 wk-old) were divided into four groups. Group I was fed a standard diet (12% of calories as fat); Group II was fed a standard diet and supplemented with 110 μg CrHis/kg BW/d; Group III was fed a HFD (40% of calories as fat); Group IV was fed HFD and supplemented with 110 μg CrHis/kg BW/d.ResultsRats fed HFD possessed greater serum insulin (40 vs.33 pmol/L) and glucose (158 vs. 143 mg/dL) concentration and less liver Cr (44 vs.82 μg/g) concentration than rats fed the control diet. However, rats supplemented with CrHis had greater liver Cr and serum insulin and lower glucose concentration in rats fed HFD (P < 0.05). The hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65) and HNE were increased in high fat group compared to control group, but reduced by the CrHis administration (P < 0.05). The levels of hepatic Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased by supplementation of CrHis (P < 0.05).ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that supplementation of CrHis is protective against obesity, at least in part, through Nrf2-mediated induction of HO-1 in rats fed high fat diet.

Ameliorating effect of chromium administration on hepatic glucose metabolism in streptozotocin‐induced experimental diabetes

“…Chromium was found to normalize the values of K m and V max to near control levels. Chromium supplementation has been reported to induce GLUT2 activity [81] as well as to improve glucose disposal rates and significantly increase insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of IRS-1 and PI3-K activity in skeletal muscles of insulin-resistant JCR:LAcorpulent rat [82]. Wang and Yao [83] reported that the enhancing effect of CrP on glucose uptake in adipocytes involves the activation of p38MAPK.…”

Chromium histidinate protects against heat stress by modulating the expression of hepatic nuclear transcription factors in quail

“…Despite no changes in expressions of hepatic NF-kB and IkB under the TN condition, increasing supplemental CrHis level decreased hepatic NF-kB expression and increased hepatic IkB expression in a dose-response manner under the HS condition. These nuclear factors are needed for activation (Nelson et al, 2004;Gilmore, 2006) and translocation Tuzcu et al, 2011), respectively, to overcome oxidative stress through inducing antioxidant defence system enzymes and detoxifying produced singlet oxygen and free radicals.…”

“…In our previous work, we demonstrated that Cr-picolinate (CrPic; 1200 mg/kg) and Cr-chloride (CrCl 3 ) improved performance variables and suppressed lipid peroxidation and release of proinflammatory markers at a similar extent in quail reared under both thermoneutral (TN) and HS conditions (Sahin et al, 2010a). As a novel Cr chelate, Cr-histidinate (CrHis) was also shown to improve glucose metabolism in diabetic rats (Dogukan et al, 2009;Tuzcu et al, 2011). In terms of absorbability of Cr, it was greatest when it was chelated with histidine (Anderson et al, 2004).…”

Redox modulation of adipocyte differentiation: hypothesis of “Redox Chain” and novel insights into intervention of adipogenesis and obesity

“…Various natural and synthetic substances with the ability to stimulate Nrf2 have been verified to exert anti-obesity activity, including 1-[2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]imidazole (CDDO-Im) [371], oleanolic acid [372,373], oltipraz [374], ellagic acid [375], quercetin [376], curcumin [377], resveratrol [378],and chromiumhistidinate [379]. Keap1 KD mice with a constitutive increase in Nrf2 activity have lower body weight and epididymal fat masse than WT mice [380].…”