Impact of check dam series on coarse sediment connectivity

Galia, Tomáš; Škarpich, Václav; Ruman, Stanislav

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2021.107595

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The effect of cascading weirs has also been studied by Martín‐Vide and Andreatta (2009), Galia et al. (2016, 2021), and Korpak et al. (2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Our simulation with cascading weirs shows that the largest degradation occurs at Weir 3, due to the long interval between Weir 3 and the next weir downstream. The effect of cascading weirs has also been studied by Martín-Vide and Andreatta (2009), Galia et al (2016Galia et al ( , 2021, and Korpak et al (2021). In their studies, the intervals between weirs are relatively small (dozens to hundreds of meters), and the weirs are distributed uniformly.…”

Section: Implications and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Degradation of a Foreland River After the Wenchuan Earthquake, China: A Combined Effect of Weirs, Sediment Supply, and Sediment Mining

Lin,

An,

Zheng

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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Since the 2008 Wenchuan (Ms. 8.0) Earthquake, the foreland rivers of the Longmen Mountains have suffered from significant bed degradation, among which the Shi‐ting River has experienced the largest local degradation of more than 20 m in 7 years. Potential reasons of the dramatic degradation include: (1) sediment disconnectivity due to in‐channel weirs; (2) the mobilization effect on gravel of an increased sand supply as a result of earthquake‐induced landslides; and (3) sediment extraction due to intensive mining. In this paper, we study the complex interaction among the above‐mentioned factors in the Shi‐ting River, using a one‐dimensional river morphodynamic model. Simulation results show that in‐channel weirs can reduce bedload transport and lead to bed degradation that is proportional to weir height. When coupled with additional sand supply, the weirs preferentially trap gravel and deliver sand, augmenting the downstream mobility of gravel and thus the degradation. For the Shi‐ting River, the simulated bed degradation agrees well with the observation when an annual sediment mining of 16 million tons is implemented in the simulation, along with the effects of in‐channel weirs and sand supply. The contribution of sediment mining is one order of magnitude larger than the coupling effect of weirs and sand supply. Both the simulation and observation show that the largest bed degradation occurs downstream of the Renmin Weir, due to the large spatial interval between the Renmin Weir and the next grade control structure.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…The effect of cascading weirs has also been studied by Martín‐Vide and Andreatta (2009), Galia et al. (2016, 2021), and Korpak et al. (2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Implications and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Degradation of a Foreland River After the Wenchuan Earthquake, China: A Combined Effect of Weirs, Sediment Supply, and Sediment Mining

Lin,

An,

Zheng

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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“…Our values were even slightly higher. This may be an effect of bed armoring, that can act as a booster of longitudinal sediment transport because vertical exchange of particles between sedimentary layers is more difficult in armored rivers (Galia et al., 2021). Bed armoring could also explain the lack of size‐selective transport during the first displacement after particle seeding (Figure 12), since the median sizes of the tracers (41 mm) and the augmented gravel (22 mm) were much smaller than the median size of the riverbed (80 mm), and particles were not yet imbricated into the bed structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Field, Probabilistic, and 2D Numerical Approaches to Assess Gravel Mobility in a Gravel‐Bed River

Arnaud,

Paquier,

Vázquez‐Tarrío

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

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Sediment transport is a key process that affects the morphology and ecological habitat diversity of rivers. As part of a gravel augmentation program to mitigate sediment deficit below a dam, gravel mobility in the Ain River in Eastern France was investigated by tracking of a large amount (n = 1063) of PIT‐tagged gravels in the field, conducting a probabilistic approach based on published tracer studies, and performing two‐dimensional (2D) numerical modeling of flow and bedload transport. This comparative study highlights the strengths, weaknesses, and complementary aspects of the three approaches to the understanding of river gravel mobility. Thanks to recent technological improvements, PIT‐tagged gravels provide an increasingly reliable and accurate representation of bedload movement in the field, although it remains limited in spatio‐temporal resolution. Based on an exponential distribution, the probabilistic approach correctly reproduces the average trend in travel distances by the different classes of particles over hydrological periods, including one or several significant floods. Furthermore, the 2D numerical modeling accounts for the variability of local hydrodynamic conditions and can simulate realistic displacement distributions for the different classes of particles with high spatio‐temporal resolution. Numerical modeling is a very encouraging approach, which makes our study original because it is the first time that the estimation of mean travel distances, the application of an exponential distribution, and the comparison with a hydrodynamic model are combined. A more effective modeling strategy involves incorporating a probabilistic transport model in the 2D numerical model to reproduce the observed scatter of the individual particle trajectories.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Additionally, Luo et al [96], although in a different climatic and geomorphological context (a restored small catchment in Loess Plateau, China), reported that check dams were less effective in reducing water and sediment flows than revegetation and terraces, which instead determined significantly lower unit soil loss compared to an unregulated catchment. Galia et al [97], in regulated catchments in the Czech Republic, demonstrated that torrent control works increased the longitudinal connectivity of sediments compared to unregulated channels with the same catchment-scale characteristics. This contrasted the general perception of check dams as decelerators of erosion, showing that sequences of consolidation check dams (as in our study) in small regulated channels can increase sediment flows downstream.…”

Section: Comparison Of the Sediment Yield Between The Regulated (Vacale) And Unregulated (Serra) Torrentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Hydrological Response of Forested Headwaters (Unregulated and Regulated with Check Dams) under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions

Bombino

Pérez‐Cutillas

D’Agostino

et al. 2021

Water

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This study has evaluated the runoff and erosion rates in torrents of Southern Italy, two forested headwaters with very similar climatic, hydrological and geomorphological characteristics; in one headwater, 15 check dams were installed in the mid-1950s, while the other is not regulated with engineering works. To this aim, the hydrological variables have been modeled over 15 years after check dam installation using the HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System) model coupled to the MUSLE (Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation) equation. The model simulations have shown that check dams have not played a significant role in reducing the surface runoff compared to the unregulated torrent; in both catchments, the well-developed forest cover determined very low runoff coefficients (lower than 0.3%) with a scarce runoff generation capacity. Additionally, the reduction in peak flow due to the check dams was not significant, on average −7.4% compared to the unregulated headwater. Check dams have retained sediments for about 8–10 years after their installation, reducing erosion by about 35%, although soil loss was much lower than the tolerance limit in both catchments. After the sediment retention capacity of the dam sediment wedge was depleted, the sediment yield in the regulated torrent was even higher (by about 20%) compared to the unregulated catchment. Overall, the study has shown that the use of check dams as a catchment management strategy of forested headwaters under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions should be considered with caution, since the structures could be ineffective to reduce water and sediment flows during floods or, in some cases, check dams may increase erosion rates.

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Impact of check dam series on coarse sediment connectivity

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Degradation of a Foreland River After the Wenchuan Earthquake, China: A Combined Effect of Weirs, Sediment Supply, and Sediment Mining

Degradation of a Foreland River After the Wenchuan Earthquake, China: A Combined Effect of Weirs, Sediment Supply, and Sediment Mining

Comparing Field, Probabilistic, and 2D Numerical Approaches to Assess Gravel Mobility in a Gravel‐Bed River

Comparing the Hydrological Response of Forested Headwaters (Unregulated and Regulated with Check Dams) under Mediterranean Semi-Arid Conditions

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