Impact of charging electric vehicles in residential grid on the power losses and voltage plan

Abstract

This paper offers a perspective of the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs), the actual state of the standardization, charging modes, impact of charging EVs in the low voltage networks and possibilities for implementation of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) concept. The main objective of this paper is to study the influence of charging a large number of Electric Vehicles on the power losses and voltage plan of the electric networks. The test were performed on a radial low voltage network with 12 consumers and there are studied three cases: without EVs, with a 50% penetration rate of the EVs and different time intervals for charging. Power flow calculation of the proposed network is realized in Neplan software for hourly values of power consume.

Análise normativa perante ao impacto de veículos elétricos em redes de distribuição secundária

“…Frente ao inevitável crescimento da frota de veículos elétricos, alguns pontos precisam ser melhor explorados, pois nem toda tecnologia inovadora surge sem causar algum tipo de impacto negativo. No caso dos veículos elétricos, o impacto negativo mais imediato tende a ser o aumento de demanda que podem implicar no sistema elétrico de potência, promovido pelo aumento de consumo de energia elétrica em residências, estabelecimentos públicos, postos de recarga espalhados em lugares estratégicos, etc (Richardson et al, 2010;Bunga et al, 2014;e W. G. Morsi, 2017;Neagoe-Ştefana et al, 2014). Sendo ideal, de um ponto de vista inicial, que esses veículos sejam recarregados durante baixa demanda residencial, durante a noite (Clement-Nyns et al, 2010).…”

Energy Flows Management of Multiple Electric Vehicles in Smart Grid

“…In this study two types of electric vehicles are considered: vehicle 1 is Mitsubishi i-MiEV and vehicle 2 -Nissan Leaf. Those vehicles are also chosen because their detailed characteristics and charging profiles (in normal and fast charge modes) can be found in various sources, including the documentation provided by their producers and in litterature [6]- [8]. The number of EV worldwide is expected to increase significantly in the following years [9]- [11].…”

The Power Load Model for Electric Vehicle Charging Modelling and its Utilisation for Voltage Level Studies and Cables Ampacity in Distribution Grid

“…Consumed currents reach level of several tens of amperes, leading to influence the grid operation. The voltage deviations occur especially which can reach an undesirable level leading to deterioration the voltage quality parameters [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The voltage unbalance arises in non-symmetrically loaded grids and also during the unbalanced charging process of EVs [1,3,7].…”

“…The voltage unbalance arises in non-symmetrically loaded grids and also during the unbalanced charging process of EVs [1,3,7]. At significant current or active power grid loading the level of active power losses also increases [1,2,[5][6][7][8], consequently leading to the decreasing of electrical devices service life [1,2,5,7]. The most affected devices are transformers and cable lines.…”

“…They solve mainly voltage levels and active power demands. Voltage levels in grid nodes solve also authors in radial distribution grid with 12 loads in [6]. Analogical issue solve authors for the larger distribution grid containing several radial lines, where each contains approximately 100 loads in [3], for the 33-nodes IEEE grid in [5], and for the large area city distribution grid in [4].…”