Impact of cattle keeping on human biting rate of anopheline mosquitoes and malaria transmission around Ziway, Ethiopia

Mosha

et al. 2007

Malar J

150

145

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding and resting behaviour of malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis with reference to zooprophylaxis

Mosha

et al. 2007

Malar J

150

145

“…Indeed, changing agricultural practices, resulting in more effective diversion of mosquitoes to farm animals, may have been an important factor contributing to the disappearance of malaria from Europe and parts of North America (Bruce-Chwatt 1985). However, in Africa and Asia, livestock keeping has been associated with increased malaria prevalence, particularly where cattle sheds are close to human dwellings (Bouma & Rowland 1995;Seyoum et al 2002). A major handicap is that no methodical scientific study has been undertaken on the effects of the relative proportion and spatial relation of the two hosts, and the extent of mixing of their competing odour plumes on the degree of diversion.…”

Section: Prospects For Push-pull In Controlling Livestock Pests and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management: the push–pull approach for controlling insect pests and weeds of cereals, and its potential for other agricultural systems including animal husbandry

Hassanali

Herren

Khan

et al. 2007

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

238

146

This paper describes the 'push-pull' or 'stimulo-deterrent diversionary' strategy in relation to current and potential examples from our own experiences. The push-pull effect is established by exploiting semiochemicals to repel insect pests from the crop ('push') and to attract them into trap crops ('pull'). The systems exemplified here have been developed for subsistence farming in Africa and delivery of the semiochemicals is entirely by companion cropping, i.e. intercropping for the push and trap cropping for the pull. The main target was a series of lepidopterous pests attacking maize and other cereals. Although the area given to the cereal crop itself is reduced under the push-pull system, higher yields are produced per unit area. An important spin-off from the project is that the companion crops are valuable forage for farm animals. Leguminous intercrops also provide advantages with regard to plant nutrition and some of the trap crops help with water retention and in reducing land erosion. A major benefit is that certain intercrop plants provide dramatic control of the African witchweed (striga). Animal husbandry forms an essential part of intensive subsistence agriculture in Africa and developments using analogous push-pull control strategies for insect pests of cattle are exemplified.

“…It remains a threat to almost 50% of the world's population with 300-500 million annual clinical cases and kills up to 3 million people annually of whom 90% of the cases and deaths occur in Africa [1,2]. It is an infectious disease and a result of protozoan parasite from the genus plasmodium which is transmitted by female anopheles mosquito in turn infects people [3,4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Malaria and Mosquito Biting Behavior in Southern Ethiopia

Hamza¹

2017

AJBIO

Malaria has been the leading cause of mortality for many years in underdeveloped countries like Ethiopia.Community Knowledge of cause and transmission of malaria and mosquito feeding behavior is key to design appropriate health communication strategies for malaria prevention and control. The present study aimed to assess knowledge and awareness on malaria and its association with mosquitoes in Dembele kebele, southeastern, Ethiopia. A community cross sectional study was carried out in Dembele kebele from January to February, 2017. A total of 159 randomly selected individuals were interviewed to assess their KAP about malaria. Data were collected by an interview based structured questionnaire after pre-tested. The collected data were entered in to SPSS for data coding and analysis. Binary logistic regressions analysis was applied and statistical significance test was declared at P-value <0.05 and OR with 95% CI. All respondents had ever heard of malaria and more than 86% of them believed that malaria was one of the most health problem diseases of the community. Most of the respondents (70.4%) were reported mosquito bite as the cause of malaria. The majority (79.2%) and (74.2%) of respondents had good levels of knowledge on transmission and prevention of malaria respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that, knowledge on mode of malaria transmission was positively associated with sex (male) (OR=3.3; CI, 1.27-7.22), age (OR=5.03; CI, 1.03-24.46) and education level (OR=3.30; 95% CI, 1.04-10.50). Among socio-demographic variables, only education level (OR=3.8; CI, 1.51-9.65) was significance factor to knowledge on malaria prevention. The study aimed to assess knowledge and awareness regarding the cause, transmission and preventive measures of malaria; it was found to be high. Use of mosquito net as protective measure against mosquito bites was high in the study area. However, distance of respondent house is near to the mosquito breeding site. Therefore, environmental management and use of other additional preventive methods is very important to reduce prevalence of malaria in study area. Sex, age and education level were strong predictors of knowledge on malaria.