Impact of Cadmium Toxicity on Leaf Area and Stomatal Characteristics in Faba Bean

Abstract

Although changes in stomatal response to elevated doses of cadmium has already been observed in several plants, few studies have focused on this phenomenon in more detail. The effects of different doses of cadmium Cd2+ (50 and 100 mg.kg-1 soil) on leaf area and stomatal characteristics (number of stomata, number of epidermal cells, stomatal index and size of stomata) of faba bean (Vicia faba L. cultivar Aštar) were studied after 15 days of heavy metal treatment. No visual changes on adaxial or abaxial side of leaves of the tested variety of faba bean were found. The leaf area was higher by 14.15 % at lower and by 12.23 % at the higher doses of Cd. The tested doses of Cd did not lead to a change in the number of stomata. The number of epidermal cells was increased on adaxial side by 4.98 % at dose Cd50. Stomatal index was decreased due to the effect of higher dose of cadmium by 11.38 % on adaxial side of leaves. In stomatal widths, decrease by 2.04 % (adaxial side) and 2.26 % (abaxial side) was observed at higher doses of Cd. In stomatal length decrease by 1.85 % was observed at higher dose of Cd on adaxial and decrease by 3.89 % (Cd50) and 4.63 % (Cd100) on abaxial side of leaves respectively. The variations of response could be signals of tolerance or adaptive mechanisms of the leaves of tested bean cultivar under the used concentrations of cadmium.

Microanatomical Changes in the Leaves of Arundo donax (L.) Caused by Potentially Toxic Elements from Municipal Sewage Sediment

“…Due to the increasing accumulation of heavy metals and toxic elements in the leaves, we detected several changes in the microanatomical parameters of the leaves of the Arundo lines ( Figure 3 ). Similar to the observations of other authors [ 21 , 35 , 40 , 41 , 60 , 63 , 73 , 74 ] regarding species belonging to the Poaceae family, it was observed that with the toxic element load, the thickness of the epidermis and the extent of the leaf mesophyll decreased.…”

“…Wainwright and Woolhouse [ 41 ] also describe a decrease in the size of the stoma apparates alongside an increase in the stomatal density. They established that the size decrease in the subsidiary cells, which is a result of metal toxicity, has an important role in the decrease in the stoma apparates.…”

The Effects Morpho-Anatomical Characters Leaves Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea as Carbon Dioxide Absorption in Unhas Urban Forest

“…Several previous studies supported this study that the size of the leave stomata was large, and the stomata amount was small, so if the stomata was large, the size of the stomata was small [33], [34], [35]. The plant's response to environmental changes can be seen in changes in the size and number of stomata [36], [37]. The number of epidermal cells was more on the adaxial surface [34].…”

Does Methyl Jasmonate Effectively Protect Plants under Heavy Metal Contamination? Fatty Acid Content in Wheat Leaves Exposed to Cadmium with or without Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Application

“…It is known that Cd affects the rate of photosynthesis (i.e., there is a decrease). It has been discussed that such results could be associated with changes in the anatomical structure of the leaf, damage tothe chloroplast structure, a decrease in pigment content, and changes in the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis [ 48 , 49 ]. In this study, a positive effect of MJ on the net photosynthesis rate was observed.…”