Impact of biofuel blends on the emissions of modern vehicles

Pelkmans, Luc; Lenaers, Guido; Bruyninx, J; Scheepers, Kristof; Vlieger, Ina De

doi:10.1177/0954407011407254

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…7 Both Sweden and Belgium aim to increase the use of bioethanol as a transportation fuel. 8,9 More importantly, ethanol has become one of the alternative fuels of interest in Sweden ever since the 1990s. The annual use of ethanol was 65 000 m 3 in 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gasoline–bioethanol blends on the properties and lubrication characteristics of commercial engine oil

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gasoline–bioethanol blends on the properties and lubrication characteristics of commercial engine oil

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Second, the regulations are complex and differ between regions. Third, vehicle exhaust emission strategies must not be hampered by the use of biocomponents in road fuels, 67, 68 and so mainstream fuels which contain biocomponents must still meet the conventional fuel specifications.…”

Section: How the Refining Industry Is Responding To Change: Biofuels mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of oil refineries to make modern fuels

Gudde¹

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The drive to improve efficiency and to reduce emissions (including greenhouse gases) from internal-combustion engines has significant ramifications for fuel properties. Deployment of improved engines is aided by the wide availability of well-defined fuels, sometimes with more stringent specification of properties such as the sulphur content and the vaporisation and combustion characteristics (e.g. the octane rating). Fuel regulation has also led to the inclusion of low-carbon fuel components such as ethanol and biodiesel in mainstream road fuels. These trends will probably continue over the next few decades, and so it is important to understand their implications for commercial-scale fuel production and distribution. This paper provides a technical explanation of the linkages between the properties of commercial-scale fuels, the technologies used to make them and the ‘landscape’ of the fuels industry (e.g. the distribution systems and the interlinked markets for non-fuel products and energy). Industrially relevant examples are used to explain how the refining industry has adapted, and is still adapting, to the changes in the sulphur and volatility specifications, the mandated biocontent and the changes in engine technology. This paper is not intended to make a case for any specific type of fuel but does aim to explain the principles by which refined fuels can be adapted to meet future specifications or to work in conjunction with alternative fuel components. It covers current issues such as the lower sulphur content, the increased biocontent and the emerging theme of higher-octane-number gasoline as a route to a higher engine efficiency.

show abstract

“…The threats of climate change and depletion of fossil fuels have urged the adoption of policies that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on gasoline and diesel. One approach used by some countries-in particular Brazil [1], USA [2], Belgium [3], Sweden [4], and Canada [5]-are national programs to stimulate the production and use of renewable liquid fuels [6]. In spark ignition engines, the most widely used such renewable fuel is ethanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Ethanol with Friction Modifiers in Model Engine Lubricants

Costa¹,

Spikes

2019

Lubricants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When employed as an engine fuel, ethanol can accumulate in the lubricant during use. Previous work has shown that ethanol contamination affects friction and elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film formation, and also the growth and stability of anti-wear tribofilms. The present work uses spacer-layer ultrathin interferometry and MTM tests to investigate how ethanol (both hydrated and anhydrous) interacts with friction modifiers in model lubricants. Small proportions (5 wt %) of ethanol were added to solutions of friction modifiers (one MoDTC and three organic friction modifiers) in a Group I base oil. For the three organic friction modifiers, the presence of ethanol promoted the formation of thick viscous boundary films so that very low friction coefficients were measured at low entrainment speeds. For the MoDTC additive, the presence of ethanol prevented the formation of a low friction film at low speeds at 70 °C, but this effect disappeared at 100 °C, probably due to ethanol evaporation.

show abstract

Impact of biofuel blends on the emissions of modern vehicles

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of gasoline–bioethanol blends on the properties and lubrication characteristics of commercial engine oil

Effect of gasoline–bioethanol blends on the properties and lubrication characteristics of commercial engine oil

Adaptation of oil refineries to make modern fuels

Interactions of Ethanol with Friction Modifiers in Model Engine Lubricants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About