Impact of Asthma Educational Intervention on Self-Care Management of Bronchial Asthma among Adult Asthmatics

Abstract

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide [1]. Despite advancement in science and technology and pharmacological revolutions, worldwide asthma prevalence is uncontrolled, morbidity and mortality from asthma. The most common reasons are non adherence to treatment, poor knowledge and skills in disease management [2]. Aim: The study aims to assess the impact of Asthma Education on self care management among Bronchial asthma patients. Objectives: 1) to assess the knowledge on self care management of Bronchial asthma; 2) to develop and administer the Asthma educational intervention on self care management of asthma; 3) to evaluate the impact of Asthma educational intervention on patient knowledge levels in comparison of pre and post test scores. Design: Quasi experimental Pre test-post test design was chosen. Methods: Study was done to assess the effectiveness of structured asthma education program on self care management of Bronchial asthma. Thirty patients, meeting the inclusive criteria, were selected by simple random sampling, and were tested for their knowledge levels on identification of asthma triggers, and warning signs, adherence to specified drugs, diet and breathing exercises. Based on the patient needs, structured education program was developed, validated and administered. Two weeks after administering structured asthma education, post-test was conducted. The Pre-test and Post-test scores were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the Asthma education. Results: There was significant enhancement on knowledge levels on four areas of assessment and education. After asthma education the knowledge levels on disease process raised from minimum of 10% in the pre test to 77.50% in the post test. The knowledge scores on asthma triggers and warning signs enhanced 12% to 72%. The area of self monitoring and management records a rise in knowledge levels from 20% minimum scoring in pre test to 82.5% in the post test. The scores in diet, breathing exercises and adherence to drugs rose from 12.5% to 72.5% after asthma education. Conclusion: The findings reveal that educating patients remarkably increased their knowledge * Corresponding author.V. Manchana, R. K. Mahal 744 levels, which facilitate their behavioral modification thus enhances their self-care. Effective self care management at home level decreases asthma related morbidity and frequent visit to hospitals.

Outcome of An Educational Program on Bronchial Asthma Self-Management

“…Many studies worldwide have evaluated the effect of patient education and indicated that each of the above components is amenable to asthma education (6,7) . Thus, the task of patient education has become a key component of asthma management for asthma patients at all age groups (8) .…”

Evaluation of bronchial asthma educational package on asthma self-management among school age children based on Orem’s self-care model in Zagazig city

“…If a patient understand the risks of non-compliance and benefits of compliance and believes the treatment is safe, it will improve their motivation and confidence to enhance their self-management practices. Hence providing right information on self-monitoring and adherence to medications, appropriate dietary measures and breathing exercises improves the disease control and reduces suffering due to frequency of acute attacks (Manchana and Mahal, 2014). Nurses could have a great contribution to promoting self-care capability in patients thanks to playing roles in training, coaching and guidance (Hemati et al, 2015).…”

Descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding prevention of bronchial asthma among workers in JK cement factory of Kashmir

“…The findings are also supported by the findings of the study of a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test research design conducted by Manchana V, Mahal R. in 2014 to assess the impact of asthma educational intervention on self-care management of bronchial asthma among adult. In this study out of 30 samples 1 (3.33%) had above average knowledge, 13 (43.33%) had average knowledge and 16 (53.33%) had below average knowledge, respectively in the pre-test knowledge score level [42] .…”

“…The present study findings are consistent with the findings of quasi experimental pretest post-test research design conducted by Manchana V, Mahal R in 2014 to assess the impact of educational intervention on self-care management of bronchial asthma among adult. The findings revealed that there was significant difference in knowledge before and after the planned educational intervention with mean difference 83,mean=2.8±1.22, df=29 and calculated t" value 12.72 at p value <0.05. respectively [42] . effective in gaining skill score regarding management of bronchial asthma [44] .…”