Impact of anxiety on verbal and visuospatial working memory in patients with acute stroke without severe cognitive impairment

Grosdemange, Antoine; Monfort, Vincent; Richard, Sébastien; Toniolo, Anne‐Marie; Ducrocq, Xavier; Bolmont, Benoı̂t

doi:10.1136/jnnp-2014-308232

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Reported anxiety was not associated with change in cognitive performance. This finding is in contrast to prior studies investigating a stroke population [46] and in healthy individuals [47]. Both of these studies found that anxiety had a detrimental impact on cognitive functions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Emotional Impairment after Minor Stroke and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): A Prevalence Study

Morsund

Ellekjær

Gramstad

et al. 2019

Stroke Research and Treatment

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Aim. To study the prevalence of cognitive and emotional impairment following a minor ischemic stroke compared to an age-matched group with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods. We included patients aged 18-70 years with a minor ischemic stroke defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2 at day 7 or at discharge if before and age-matched NSTEMI patients with the same functional mRS. We applied a selection of cognitive tests and the patients completed a questionnaire comprising of Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) at follow-up 12 months after the vascular event. Results of cognitive tests were also compared to normative data. Results. 325 ischemic stroke and 144 NSTEMI patients were included. There was no significant difference in cognitive functioning between ischemic stroke and NSTEMI patients. Minor stroke patients and to a lesser extent NSTEMI patients scored worse on more complex cognitive functions including planning and implementation of activities compared to validated normative data. For the minor stroke patients the location of the ischemic lesion had no influence on the result. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and fatigue was significantly higher in the stroke group compared to the NSTEMI group. Depression was independently associated with reduced cognitive function. Discussion and Conclusion. Minor ischemic stroke patients, and to lesser degree NSTEMI patients, had reduced cognitive function compared to normative data, especially executive functioning, on 12-month follow-up. The difference in cognitive function between stroke and NSTEMI patients was not significant. Depression was associated with low scores on cognitive tests highlighting the need to adequately address emotional sequelae when considering treatment options for cognitive disabilities.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Emotional Impairment after Minor Stroke and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): A Prevalence Study

Morsund

Ellekjær

Gramstad

et al. 2019

Stroke Research and Treatment

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“…This relationship between depressive symptoms and poorer cognitive function was also found in patients with minor stroke who have relatively good general outcomes and a promising long-term prognosis (Morsund et al, 2019). The association between anxiety and performance-based cognitive function seems to be less clear, and contradictory findings exist (Grosdemange et al, 2015;Morsund et al, 2019). In studies using self-report measures of cognitive function, higher levels of self-reported cognitive difficulties are commonly related to higher levels of depression post-stroke (van Rijsbergen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Relationship of Psychiatric Symptoms with Performance-Based and Self-Reported Cognitive Function After Ischemic Stroke

Kliem

Gjestad

Ryum

et al. 2021

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: Findings on the relationship of psychiatric symptoms with performance-based and self-reported cognitive function post-stroke are inconclusive. We aimed to (1) study the relation of depression and anxiety to performance-based cognitive function and (2) explore a broader spectrum of psychiatric symptoms and their association with performance-based versus self-reported cognitive function. Method: Individuals with supratentorial ischemic stroke performed neuropsychological examination 3 months after stroke. For primary analyses, composite scores for memory and attention/executive function were calculated based on selected neuropsychological tests, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. Psychiatric symptoms and self-reported cognitive function for secondary aims were assessed using the Symptom-Checklist-90 – Revised (SCL-90-R). Results: In a sample of 86 patients [mean (M) age: 64.6 ± 9.2; Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 3–7 days post-stroke: M = 28.4 ± 1.7; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) after 3 months: M = 0.7 ± 1.6] depressive symptoms (HADS) were associated with poorer memory performance after controlling for age, sex, and education (p ≤ .01). In a subsample (n = 41; Age: M = 65.7 ± 8.1; MMSE: M = 28.4 ± 1.8; NIHSS: M = 1.0 ± 1.9), symptoms of phobic anxiety (SCL-90-R) were associated with poorer performance-based memory and attention/executive function, and symptoms of anxiety (SCL-90-R) with lower attention/executive function. Higher levels of self-reported cognitive difficulties were associated with higher scores in all psychiatric domains (p ≤ .05). Conclusion: Even in relatively well-functioning stroke patients, depressive symptoms are associated with poorer memory. The results also suggest that various psychiatric symptoms are more related to self-reported rather than to performance-based cognitive function. Screening for self-reported cognitive difficulties may not only help to identify patients with cognitive impairment, but also those who need psychological treatment.

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“…Anxiety is always accompanied by changes in cognitive processing, and the effects of anxiety on cognitive performance may be mediated by their effects on WM (Eysenck and Calvo, 1992;Owens et al, 2014). Increasing evidence indicates that the performance of anxious individuals is more easily impaired by threat-related interference than is that of individuals without anxiety (Grosdemange et al, 2015). Anxiety is also associated with inactivity of the neural circuit involved in cognitive control (Sari et al, 2016), which has been described as a defect in cognitive control.…”

Section: Emotional Interference and Wm In Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Influences of Negative and Neutral Emotional Interference on Working Memory in Trait Anxiety

Yang

Zheng

2021

Front. Psychol.

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To examine the interaction of working memory (WM) type with emotional interference in trait anxiety, event-related potentials were measured in a combined WM and emotional task. Participants completed a delayed matching-to-sample task of WM, and emotional pictures were presented during the maintenance interval. The results indicated that negative affect interfered with spatial WM; task-related changes in amplitude were observed in the late positive potential (LPP) and slow waves in both the high and low anxiety groups. We also found an interaction among WM type, emotion, and trait anxiety such that participants with high levels of trait anxiety showed an opposite neural response to verbal and spatial WM tasks compared with individuals with low trait anxiety during the sustained brain activity involved in processing negative or neutral pictures in the delay phase. Our results increase our understanding of the influence of emotions on recognition and the vulnerability of those with trait anxiety to emotional stimuli.

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Impact of anxiety on verbal and visuospatial working memory in patients with acute stroke without severe cognitive impairment

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Cognitive and Emotional Impairment after Minor Stroke and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): A Prevalence Study

Cognitive and Emotional Impairment after Minor Stroke and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI): A Prevalence Study

The Relationship of Psychiatric Symptoms with Performance-Based and Self-Reported Cognitive Function After Ischemic Stroke

Different Influences of Negative and Neutral Emotional Interference on Working Memory in Trait Anxiety

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