Impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence, nature, magnitude, and duration of bacteremia associated with dental procedures

Lafaurie, Gloria Inés; Noriega, Luis Antonio; Torres, Carmen Cecilia; Castillo, Yormaris; Moscoso, Sandra Bibiana; Mosquera, Sihara; Díaz‐Báez, David

doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2019.06.017

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…prophylaxis reported that intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanic acid promoted a considerable reduction in bacteremia compared with other recommended prophylaxis [1]. However, this study recommended prophylaxis only in a very selected group of patients with high levels of dental infection undergoing invasive dental procedures under general anesthesia [62]. With ceftriaxone, concern exist for an increased risk of adverse reactions and a greater disruption of the microbiome [63,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prosthetic Joint Infection After Dental Work: Is the Correct Prophylaxis Being Prescribed? A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) of total hip (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after dental procedures is uncommon, and antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial. For high-risk patients, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons recommends amoxicillin prophylaxis. However, no systematic review of the literature of PJIs associated with dental procedures explores if amoxicillin is suitable for the reported organisms. Methods: A librarian-assisted search of the major databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus) identified 954 articles. Only case reports, case series, and reviews with patient level data were included. After exclusions, 79 articles were fully reviewed. Results: Forty-four PJIs after dental procedures were identified, 22 in primary THA, 20 in primary TKA, one in revision THA, and one in a hip resurfacing procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis was documented for 5 patients. The dental procedure was invasive in 35 (79.5%). Comorbidities were present in 17 patients (38.7%). The organisms reported were Streptococcus spp. in 44%, other aerobic gram-positives in 27%, anaerobic gram-positives in 18%, and gram-negative organisms in 11%. An estimated 46% of organisms may be resistant to amoxicillin. The outcomes of treatment were reported for 35 patients (79.5%). Twenty-seven patients (61.4%) had no clinical signs of PJI at the final follow-up visit. Conclusions: Lower extremity PJI associated with dental procedures is often caused by organisms unlikely to be prevented with amoxicillin. Additional studies are warranted to determine the choice and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent dental-associated PJI in the highest risk patients. Insufficient data exist to recommend the optimal treatment for patients with PJI in THA and TKA associated with dental procedures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prosthetic Joint Infection After Dental Work: Is the Correct Prophylaxis Being Prescribed? A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…Lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures is indicated in unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart defects and in repaired defects with residual shunt or valvular regurgitation. Prophylaxis before dental procedures is also recommended for the first 6 months following successful defect repair ( 1 ). Prosthetic device IE at 1 year after ASD closure is extremely rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, her father had been treated with an ASD closure device after a cryptogenic stroke. During the year following ASD closure, she underwent multiple dental cleanings and received prophylactic antibiotics during the first 6 months after ASD closure, in accordance with American Heart Association guidelines ( 1 ).…”

Section: Past Medical Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial Septal Defect Closure Device–Related Infective Endocarditis in a 20-Week Pregnant Woman

et al. 2021

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“…It is the most frequently prescribed antibiotic accounting [ 37 ]. Some practitioners also prefer to administer the combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole or amoxicillin/clavulanate to treat odontogenic infection [ 38 , 39 ]. The therapeutic dosage for amoxicillin is 500 mg every 8 hours or 1000 mg every 12 hours [ 21 ].…”

Section: The Most Common Prescribed Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Therapy in Dentistry

Ahmadi

Ebrahimi

Ahmadi

2021

International Journal of Dentistry

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Dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal diseases can result in dental infections which could have severe consequences that affect both soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Dental infections commonly present with symptoms of pain, fever, and swelling. Surgical and endodontic treatments are the early management of infected teeth, followed by antibiotic therapy. Some alternative methods also exist for treating infection such as low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy. Antibiotics are generally used in dental procedures to treat odontogenic infections, nonodontogenic infections, local infection, focal infection, and prophylaxis. Antibiotic prophylaxis is prescribed for patients with immunosuppressed conditions, infective endocarditis, metabolic disorders, and patients with prosthetic joints. To reduce the complications of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions especially bacterial resistance, comprehensive guidelines should be established. It has been noted that only about 12% of dentists adequately and correctly prescribe antibiotics, which shows the importance of comprehensive guidelines. Antibiotics prescription may result in some adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions and dermatological and allergic disorders. Furthermore, unnecessary prescription of antibiotics could result in several serious sequelae, for example, bacterial resistance, gastric and hematological problems, and diversion of bacterial microbiota. The present review attempts to summarize the indications of antibiotic therapy in dentistry and discuss the common types of antibiotics that are routinely used in dental practice based on pharmacologic classes. Moreover, types of antibiotics that are considered safe during pregnancy and childhood are also reviewed.

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Impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence, nature, magnitude, and duration of bacteremia associated with dental procedures

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Prosthetic Joint Infection After Dental Work: Is the Correct Prophylaxis Being Prescribed? A Systematic Review

Prosthetic Joint Infection After Dental Work: Is the Correct Prophylaxis Being Prescribed? A Systematic Review

Atrial Septal Defect Closure Device–Related Infective Endocarditis in a 20-Week Pregnant Woman

Antibiotic Therapy in Dentistry

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