Impact of ammonia and sulphate concentration on thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Siles, J.A.; Brekelmans, Jurriaan; Martı́n, M.A.; Chica, A.F.; Martı́n, A.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.163

Cited by 124 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The , consisting of 93% propionic acid, which has previously been identified as a common product during NH 3 -N inhibition [30,31]. The level at which NH 3 -N caused inhibition in the process, 450 mg kg −1 , is similar to inhibitory levels reported previously [11,30,32]. This process disturbance was dealt with by significantly decreasing the OLR from 3.75 g L…”

Section: Nitrogensupporting

confidence: 75%

Biogas Production from Thin Stillage on an Industrial Scale—Experience and Optimisation

Moestedt¹,

Påledal²,

Schnürer

et al. 2013

Energies

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Abstract:With the increasing demand for renewable energy and sustainable waste treatment, biogas production is expanding. Approximately four billion litres of bio-ethanol are produced annually for vehicle fuel in Europe, resulting in the production of large amounts of stillage residues. This stillage is energy-rich and can be used for biogas production, but is a challenging substrate due to its high levels of nitrogen and sulphate. At the full-scale biogas production plant in Norrköping, Sweden (Svensk Biogas i Linköping AB), thin grain stillage is used as a biogas substrate. This paper describes the plant operation and strategies that have been implemented to digest thin stillage successfully. High ammonia concentrations in the digester have resulted in syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) becoming the major pathway for acetate degradation. Therefore, a long hydraulic retention time (HRT) (40-60 days) is used to allow the syntrophic acetate-oxidising bacteria time to grow. The high sulphate levels in thin stillage result in high levels of hydrogen sulphide following degradation of protein and the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB), the presence of which has been confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. To optimise biogas production and maintain a stable process, the substrate is diluted with tap water and co-digested with grain residues and glycerine to keep the ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N) concentration below 6 g L −1 . Combined addition of iron, hydrochloric acid and cobalt successfully precipitates sulphides, reduces ammonia toxicity and supplies microorganisms with trace element. Mesophilic temperature (38 °C) is employed to further OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 5643 avoid ammonia toxicity. Together, these measures and doubling the digester volume have made it possible to increase annual biogas production from 27.7 TJ to 69.1 TJ.

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Section: Nitrogensupporting

confidence: 75%

Biogas Production from Thin Stillage on an Industrial Scale—Experience and Optimisation

Moestedt¹,

Påledal²,

Schnürer

et al. 2013

Energies

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“…Ammonium nitrogen content affects the biogas production process yield significantly. This distinct trend is well documented and has been reported by various researchers [10]. This trend is clearly observed -especially in the case of thermophilic fermentation variant.…”

Section: Technological Process Constraintssupporting

confidence: 82%

Alternative Utilization of Protein-Rich Waste by Its Conversion into Biogas in Co-Fermentation Conditions

Sakiewicz¹,

Piotrowski²,

Cebula³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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A large amount of litter is generated in industrial-scale animal breeding, and this is recognized as a big problem in animal-breeding technology. Troublesome waste may, however, be regarded as a useful, easily accessible cosubstrate for the production of biogas and semi-liquid residue suitable for fertilizing plants. Its utilization problem can thus be integrated with the production of an environmentally friendly energy carrier: biomethane. The results of litter decomposition are visible just after excretion as odor compounds are emitted. Animal litter of high protein concentration and moisture >40% undergoes complex biochemical decomposition that is closely related to the intensive emission of ammonia. It directly affects living conditions of animals in rooms [1]. The amount and composition of the gaseous mixture produced from litter depends, among other things, on: temperature, moisture level, mixing frequency, bedding type, composition and Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 3 (2017) AbstractThe recommended process conditions and problems reported during anaerobic (co-)fermentation of waste biomass rich in proteins are discussed. Theoretical potentials of the individual biogas components (CH 4 , CO 2 , NH 3 , H 2 S) formed during chemical decomposition of aminoacids -feed additives commonly used in feeding animals -are shown, and we discuss side production of odors, e.g., ammonia and organic sulphur compounds. We also suggest the potential alternative production of biohydrogen (a future energy carrier) from specific waste biomass with high protein content.

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“…Free ammonia (NH 3 ) has been suggested as the active component causing ammonia inhibition, although signifi cantly different inhibiting concentrations are given in the literature, ranging from below 100 mg N/L up to 10 g N/L the toxic effects have been documented. This very wide range can depend on the microorganism's acclimatization, or on the actual C/N ratio, as given by Siles et al (2010). Nevertheless, the concentration of free ammonia depends on the pH (increase with pH increase) and values in between 7 and 8 in the digester, distinctively decreasing the danger of free ammonia inhibition.…”

Section: Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low intensity surplus activated sludge pretreatment before anaerobic digestion

Suschka¹,

Grűbel²

2017

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Sewage sludge (municipal, or industrial) treatment is still a problem in so far that it is not satisfactorily resolved in terms of cost and fi nal disposal. Two common forms of sludge disposal are possible; the fi rst being direct disposal on land (including agriculture) and the second being incineration (ash production), although neither of these methods are universally applied. Simplifying the issue, direct sludge disposal on land is seldom applied for sanitary and environmental reasons, while incineration is not popular for fi nancial (high costs) reasons. Very often medium and large wastewater treatment plants apply anaerobic digestion for sludge hygiene principles, reducing the amount to be disposed and for biogas (energy) production. With the progress in sewage biological treatment aiming at nutrient removal, primary sludge has been omitted in the working processes and only surplus activated sludge requires handling. Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) is more diffi cult due to the presence of microorganisms, the decomposition of which requires a relatively long time for hydrolysis. In order to upgrade the hydrolysis effects, several different pre-treatment processes have already been developed and introduced. The additional pre-treatment processes applied are aimed at residual sludge bulk mass minimization, shortening of the anaerobic digestion process or higher biogas production, and therefore require additional energy. The water-energy-waste Nexus (treads of) of the benefi ts and operational diffi culties, including energy costs are discussed in this paper. The intensity of pre-treatment processes to upgrade the microorganism's hydrolysis has crucial implications. Here a low intensity pre-treatment process, alkalisation and hydrodynamic disintegration -hybrid process -were presented in order to achieve suffi cient effects of WAS anaerobic digestion. A sludge digestion effi ciency increase expressed as 45% biogas additional production and 52% of the total or volatile solids reduction has been confi rmed.

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Impact of ammonia and sulphate concentration on thermophilic anaerobic digestion

Cited by 124 publications

References 25 publications

Biogas Production from Thin Stillage on an Industrial Scale—Experience and Optimisation

Biogas Production from Thin Stillage on an Industrial Scale—Experience and Optimisation

Alternative Utilization of Protein-Rich Waste by Its Conversion into Biogas in Co-Fermentation Conditions

Low intensity surplus activated sludge pretreatment before anaerobic digestion

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