Impact of Alternative Project Delivery Systems on the International Roughness Index: Case Studies of Transportation Projects in the Western United States
Abstract:The impact of alternative project delivery methods (APDM) was compared with that of the traditional method of design–bid–build (DBB) on the long-term performance of transportation projects. The metric used to quantify long-term performance differences between projects is the international roughness index (IRI), which is an indicator of ride quality. Data were collected on four alternative delivery projects on the National Highway System in Arizona and Colorado, along with data on their comparable DBB projects.… Show more
“…El Asmar et al [25,206] show that the average building quality increases significantly, and stakeholder communication (through requests for information and change order processing times) can be up to four times faster; the authors then mapped the level of integration of major delivery methods versus overall project performance, showing that more integration in the process leads to increasingly higher project performance. There is new preliminary evidence that suggests the actual performance of the facility itself, over its lifecycle, may improve too [207,208].…”
Occupants are active participants in their built environment, affecting its performance while simultaneously being affected by its design and indoor environmental conditions. With recent advances in computer modeling, simulation tools, and analysis techniques, topics such as human-building interactions and occupant behavior have gained significant interest in the literature given their premise of improving building design processes and operating strategies. In practice, the focus of occupant-centric literature has been mostly geared towards the latter (i.e., operation), leaving the implications on building design practices underexplored. This paper fills the gap by providing a critical review of existing studies applying computerbased modeling and simulation to guide occupant-centric building design. The reviewed papers are organized along four main themes, namely occupant-centric: (i) metrics of building performance, (ii) modeling and simulation approaches, (iii) design methods and applications, and (iv) supporting practices and mechanisms. Important barriers are identified for a more effective application of occupant-centric building design practices including the limited consideration of metrics beyond energy efficiency (e.g., occupant well-being and space planning), the limited implementation and validation of the proposed methods, and the lack of integration of occupant behavior modeling in existing building performance simulation tools. Future research directions include the need for large-scale international data collection efforts to move from generic assumptions about occupant behavior to specific/localized knowledge, the need for improved metrics of measuring building performance, as well as the need for industry practices, such as building codes, to promote an occupant-in-the-loop approach to the building design process.
“…El Asmar et al [25,206] show that the average building quality increases significantly, and stakeholder communication (through requests for information and change order processing times) can be up to four times faster; the authors then mapped the level of integration of major delivery methods versus overall project performance, showing that more integration in the process leads to increasingly higher project performance. There is new preliminary evidence that suggests the actual performance of the facility itself, over its lifecycle, may improve too [207,208].…”
Occupants are active participants in their built environment, affecting its performance while simultaneously being affected by its design and indoor environmental conditions. With recent advances in computer modeling, simulation tools, and analysis techniques, topics such as human-building interactions and occupant behavior have gained significant interest in the literature given their premise of improving building design processes and operating strategies. In practice, the focus of occupant-centric literature has been mostly geared towards the latter (i.e., operation), leaving the implications on building design practices underexplored. This paper fills the gap by providing a critical review of existing studies applying computerbased modeling and simulation to guide occupant-centric building design. The reviewed papers are organized along four main themes, namely occupant-centric: (i) metrics of building performance, (ii) modeling and simulation approaches, (iii) design methods and applications, and (iv) supporting practices and mechanisms. Important barriers are identified for a more effective application of occupant-centric building design practices including the limited consideration of metrics beyond energy efficiency (e.g., occupant well-being and space planning), the limited implementation and validation of the proposed methods, and the lack of integration of occupant behavior modeling in existing building performance simulation tools. Future research directions include the need for large-scale international data collection efforts to move from generic assumptions about occupant behavior to specific/localized knowledge, the need for improved metrics of measuring building performance, as well as the need for industry practices, such as building codes, to promote an occupant-in-the-loop approach to the building design process.
“…Based on previous achievements, Chen [12] firstly used the DEA-BND (Data Envelopment Analysis-Bound Variable) model to test and correct the indicator value, and then fed the obtained data to the ANN model for training purposes, and finally obtained the performance of the target project with a reasonable project delivery method. Touran et al [13] and Abkarian et al [14] regarded the traditional project delivery method (DBB) as a reference and considered other project delivery methods (DB, CM-at-risk, etc.) as alternatives.…”
Section: Decision-making Methods For Project Transaction Modementioning
Aiming at the design of a project transaction mode, the case-based reasoning (CBR) method is used as a methodology to build a case-based reasoning system based on project performance predictions. Thirty-four cases are initially selected for the practical application. Based on the classical CBR, the performance forecast is added, an improved continuous variable interpolation scoring method is proposed, and three types of manual revision methods are proposed: owner’s preference for the project transaction mode, extreme value, and secondary learning. The innovative method is verified with Nanjing HF Project as an example, and the results show that the case-based reasoning system can optimize the selection and design of the project transaction mode, providing a certain guarantee for project performance and facilitating the transfer of construction experience and knowledge within the construction industry.
“…During the recovery phase, the alternative project delivery methods (APDM) provide an opportunity to incorporate prevention and preparedness into the response and recovery phase, as part of efforts to 'build back better' (Abkarian et al, 2017). Such a method enables the practitioners of the recovery phase to move forward in terms of future resilience and risk management.…”
Climate change presents challenges for road infrastructure asset managers, with uncertainty about the impacts of increasingly frequent and intense disasters on asset functionality and lifespan. Budgeting for disaster response and recovery is improving; however, there are calls for more evidence to support budget allocations. This exploratory study aimed to create a systematic approach for integrating climate-related disaster risks within road asset evaluation, towards improving the evidence-base for capital works and maintenance budgets. It involved a systematic literature review of 63 research papers about resilient road infrastructure, followed by sense-checking key findings through eight semi-structured interviews with road asset management experts from the Australian government and industry. The authors present a set of 15 parameters for evaluating road infrastructure resilience, within four commonly used asset management categories: robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity. These are placed within a disaster management planning framework for resilient road infrastructure outcomes, with the key parameters matched to the commonly used disaster management phases of ‘Prevent, Prepare, Respond, Recover’. The parameters and the framework have immediate use for road infrastructure asset managers, providing clear decision-support regarding what data are important to collect and analyse and at what time, to inform capital works and maintenance budgets.
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