Impact of Air Pollution on Global Burden of Disease in 2019

Abstract

Air pollution consisting of ambient air pollution and household air pollution (HAP) threatens health globally. Air pollution aggravates the health of vulnerable people such as infants, children, women, and the elderly as well as people with chronic diseases such as cardiorespiratory illnesses, little social support, and poor access to medical services. This study is aimed to estimate the impact of air pollution on global burden of disease (GBD). We extracted data about mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to air pollution from 1990 to 2019. The extracted data were then organized and edited into a usable format using STATA version 15. Furthermore, we also estimated the impacts for three categories based on their socio-demographic index (SDI) as calculated by GBD study. The impacts of air pollution on overall burden of disease by SDI, gender, type of pollution, and type of disease is estimated and their trends over the period of 1990 to 2019 are presented. The attributable burden of ambient air pollution is increasing over the years while attributable burden of HAP is declining over the years, globally. The findings of this study will be useful for evidence-based planning for prevention and control of air pollution and reduction of burden of disease from air pollution at global, regional, and national levels.

Impact of SAFAR Air Quality Forecasting Framework and Advisory Services in Reducing the Economic Health Burden of India

“…Given the finite resources, the management of NCD at the macro level will pose a tougher challenge. Drivers and sources of air pollution need to be controlled immediately otherwise it is likely to result in more air pollution-related deaths (Dhimal et al, 2021). The gross picture of the trend in the affected population is also shown in Figure 5.…”

“…Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become a global public health problem (Olawuyi & Adeoye, 2018), and prevalence is rising (Kelly & Fussell, 2015;Nunes et al, 2017). Ambient air pollution is one of the drivers of the development of NCDs because it causes many NCD-related deaths (Dhimal et al, 2021). NCDs cause over 36 million annual deaths globally; 14 million are premature mortality (Subramanian et al, 2018).…”

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“…Scientists have proved that environmental air pollution impacts the population dramatically, increasing morbidity and mortality, with over 4.2 million related deaths estimated to occur annually [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Cheng et al [ 21 ] show that VOCs can provoke irritation in the throat, nose, and eyes, headaches, shortness of breath, skin problems, fatigue, dizziness, and nausea.…”

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“…Some of these challenges include air pollution and urban heat island effects [ 2 ]. Air pollution has been reported to have grave health impacts [ 3 ], some of which include pulmonary and cardiovascular problems, impaired host defence mechanisms, cancer, low birth weight, and infant mortality [ [4] , [5] , [6] ]. The situation in urban areas is especially dire because of the persistently high concentrations of air pollutants, the number of people exposed, as well as the possibility of delayed effects.…”