Impact of Age on Perioperative Complications After Obliterative Vaginal Surgery

Abstract

Importance Obliterative vaginal surgery is often reserved for older patients with prolapse, but the effect of age as an independent risk factor for perioperative complications in this cohort is poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the association between age and perioperative complications in women undergoing obliterative vaginal surgery. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study that included 371 patients undergoing colpocleisis between 2010 and 2013 at a single academic medical center. Seventy demographic and clinical variables, including complications within 12 weeks of surgery, were analyzed. The χ2 and Fisher exact tests were used for categorical variables. Student t and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables. Univariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of perioperative complications, and candidate variables with P < 0.2 were used in multivariate logistic regression. Results The mean patient age was 75.4 ± 6.4 years (range, 59–94 years). One hundred ten (29.7%) patients experienced at least 1 complication, the most common of which was urinary tract infection (n = 47, 12.7%). In the final multivariable model, only age (odds ratio, 1.05 per year; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.08) remained a significant predictor of perioperative complications. A cut point of age ≥70.5 years maximized sensitivity and specificity for predicting complications. Conclusions Among women undergoing obliterative vaginal surgery, age is a predictor of perioperative complications. Each increasing year of age increases the complication likelihood by 1.05-fold, such that an 85-year-old woman is 1.05^20 or 2.65 times more likely than a 65-year-old woman to have a complication. A cut point of ≥70.5 years best predicted complications. Despite this association, severe perioperative complications following obliterative surgery are rare.