Impact of Age on Functional Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Reeder, Kenneth; Rosenthal, Mitchell; Lichtenberg, Peter A.; Wood, Deborah L.

doi:10.1097/00001199-199606000-00006

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the decrease of neuroplasticity with age may be an explanation for the better outcome of cognitive functions following nonprogressive brain injury in younger adults. This assumption, however, is not supported by all studies (Reeder, Rosenthal, Lichtenberg, & Wood, 1996 ). An alternative explanation for our fi nding may be the special vulnerability of elderly patients to neurologic disease and injury (Kulchycki & Edlow, 2006 ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Younger age is a good predictor of better executive function after surgery for pituitary adenoma in adults

Müssig¹,

Leyhe

Besemer³

et al. 2009

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Pituitary adenomas, even after successful treatment, are associated with cognitive dysfunctions. We hypothesized that an association between the age of the patients at pituitary surgery and neuropsychological outcome may exist. Forty-two patients (mean age 51 +/- 10 years) who had been successfully treated for pituitary adenoma (surgery with or without subsequent radiotherapy) underwent neuropsychological testing. Age at treatment (mean 37 +/- 11 years) was significantly associated with Trail Making Test, Part B (TMT-B) results, a measure of executive control and attention (r = .60, p < .0001). This association remained significant after adjustment for age at testing and time since treatment (r = .42, p = .008). No associations were detected between age at treatment and Trail Making Test, Part A (TMT-A, attentional speed), the digit span test (acoustic working memory), and the German version of the Auditory Verbal Learning and Memory, and Memory Test (verbal memory, all p > or = .3). Our data suggest a favorable effect of younger age at treatment in adults on neurocognitive outcome after surgery for pituitary adenoma.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Younger age is a good predictor of better executive function after surgery for pituitary adenoma in adults

Müssig¹,

Leyhe

Besemer³

et al. 2009

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…Although older adults are less likely than the young to survive severe injury, this case study and other supporting research [35,36] suggest that older adults who do survive can potentially follow the same gradient of recovery evident in younger patients and may benefit equally well from rehabilitation. This conclusion contrasts with the conservative approach to treatment of older persons with severe brain injury recommended by some [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Monitoring emergence from coma following severe brain injury in an octogenarian using behavioural indicators, electrophysiological measures and metabolic studies: A demonstration of the potential for good recovery in older adults

et al. 2005

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This case study describes a multi-disciplinary investigation of the emergence from coma of an 80-year old female (KE) following severe traumatic brain injury. The relationship between cognitive/behavioural ability and the integrity of cerebral function was assessed using neuropsychological measures, positron emission tomography, electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials and trans-cranial magnetic stimulation. These investigations were performed as KE was beginning to emerge from coma (4 weeks) and, again, approximately 1 year following brain injury, when she was judged to have achieved her maximum level of recovery. Neuropsychological measures revealed improvement during the first year post-injury in KE's speed of information processing, memory and executive abilities. Electrophysiological and metabolic studies indicated a restoration of functional integrity that was consistent with the gradual recovery in higher brain function documented using behavioural procedures. This case study demonstrates the rehabilitation potential of pre-morbidly healthy older adults following severe traumatic brain injury.

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“…Past studies of the relationship between age and rehabilitation outcomes have been inconsistent, with some finding worse outcomes with higher age, 15,16 while others failed to find age differences. 26,27 Higher age predicted poorer motor outcome at 9-month follow-up in all subgroups, and had a similar effect on cognitive outcome, but only for the lowest 3 levels of admission FIM cognitive score. The negative effect of age on cognitive outcomes appeared to be stronger for persons who started rehabilitation with lower cognitive performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of Patient Preinjury and Injury Characteristics on Acute Rehabilitation Outcomes for Traumatic Brain Injury

Corrigan

Horn

Barrett

et al. 2015

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Objective To examine associations of patient and injury characteristics with outcomes at inpatient rehabilitation discharge and 9 months post-discharge for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) Design Prospective, longitudinal observational study Setting 10 inpatient rehabilitation centers (9 US, 1 Canada) Participants Consecutive patients (n=2130) enrolled between 2008 and 2011, admitted for inpatient rehabilitation after index TBI injury, and divided into 5 subgroups based on rehabilitation admission FIM Cognitive score Interventions Not applicable Main Outcome Measures Rehabilitation length of stay, discharge to home, and FIM at discharge and 9 months post-discharge. Results Severity indices increased explained variation in outcomes beyond that accounted for by patient characteristics. FIM Motor scores were generally the most predictable. Higher functioning subgroups had more predictable outcomes then subgroups with lower cognitive function at admission. Age at injury, time from injury to rehabilitation admission, and functional independence at rehabilitation admission were the most consistent predictors across all outcomes and subgroups. Conclusions Findings from previous studies of the relationships among patient and injury characteristics and rehabilitation outcomes were largely replicated. Discharge outcomes were most strongly associated with injury severity characteristics; while predictors of functional independence at 9 months post-discharge included both patient and injury characteristics.

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Impact of Age on Functional Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Younger age is a good predictor of better executive function after surgery for pituitary adenoma in adults

Younger age is a good predictor of better executive function after surgery for pituitary adenoma in adults

Monitoring emergence from coma following severe brain injury in an octogenarian using behavioural indicators, electrophysiological measures and metabolic studies: A demonstration of the potential for good recovery in older adults

Effects of Patient Preinjury and Injury Characteristics on Acute Rehabilitation Outcomes for Traumatic Brain Injury

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